Collaborative Research: Semi-Active Controlled Cladding Panels for Multi-Hazard Resilient Buildings

合作研究：用于多灾害防御建筑的半主动控制覆层板

• 批准号: 1463252
• 负责人: Simon Laflamme
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: Iowa State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-06-01 至 2020-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1463252&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Semi; Active; Controlled

Building facades typically consist of cladding that is placed on the outside perimeter of the structure. Traditionally, cladding serves purposes of providing architectural envelope and protection to the occupants from the outside elements. The goal of this research project is to rethink cladding systems as multi-functional structural units. Not only would the cladding serve its traditional purposes, but it would also be engaged as an engineered system to protect the structure against multiple hazards, including seismic, wind, and blast loads. Cladding serves both as the point of application of externally applied lateral loads such as wind and blast as well as a contributor of added inertia to seismic or wind-induced vibrations. This project will explore the use of semi-active controlled connections between cladding and the structural framing of a building - these connections will be capable of providing variable damping to mitigate the effects of extreme loading. The results of the project will engage the cladding on a building to enhance a structure's resilience to multiple hazards. The professions of architecture and structural engineering will need to collaborate in design of cladding in the future.The focus of this project is to develop computational simulation of a prototype semi-active damping device, installed between the cladding and structural frame, to the varying loading frequencies and intensities from multiple hazards. The objective of the system is twofold: (1) to engage the cladding as a mass damper to mitigate inter-story drift due to lateral load vibrations; and (2) to utilize the device as an energy dissipator under lateral loads. An innovative semi-active device with decentralized control laws will be developed to satisfy the varying energy dissipation and control objectives associated with each hazard. The research team will perform advanced nonlinear numerical simulations of realistic buildings with semi-active damping devices to assess the various parameters that influence the control laws and performance of the devices. The simulations will be validated through large-scale experiments in the laboratory. The experiments will include real-time hybrid simulations for wind and seismic loading that account for the complete building system and its interactions with the semi-active damping devices and cladding. Air-blast shock tube tests will be conducted to simulate blast loading. Performance-based design procedures will be established to integrate the design of semi-active cladding within a holistic structural design approach.

建筑物立面通常由放置在结构的外周边上的覆层组成。传统上，覆层的目的是提供建筑外壳和保护居住者免受外部元素的影响。该研究项目的目标是重新思考作为多功能结构单元的覆层系统。包层不仅可以满足其传统目的，而且还可以作为一个工程系统来保护结构免受多种危害，包括地震，风和爆炸载荷。覆层既作为外部施加的横向载荷（例如风和爆炸）的施加点，又作为地震或风引起的振动的附加惯性的贡献者。该项目将探索在建筑物的覆层和结构框架之间使用半主动控制连接-这些连接将能够提供可变阻尼以减轻极端负载的影响。 该项目的成果将使建筑物的覆层增强结构对多种灾害的抵御能力。未来建筑和结构工程的专业人员将需要在覆层设计方面进行合作。本项目的重点是开发安装在覆层和结构框架之间的原型半主动阻尼装置的计算模拟，以适应多种危险的不同荷载频率和强度。该系统的目的有两个：（1）将覆层作为质量阻尼器接合，以减轻由于横向载荷振动引起的层间漂移;以及（2）将该装置用作横向载荷下的能量衰减器。将开发一种具有分散控制律的创新半主动装置，以满足与每种危险相关的不同能量耗散和控制目标。研究团队将对具有半主动阻尼装置的现实建筑物进行先进的非线性数值模拟，以评估影响控制律和装置性能的各种参数。模拟将通过实验室的大规模实验进行验证。这些实验将包括风和地震载荷的实时混合模拟，这些模拟将考虑整个建筑系统及其与半主动阻尼装置和覆层的相互作用。 将进行空气爆炸激波管试验以模拟爆炸载荷。将建立基于性能的设计程序，以将半主动覆层的设计整合到整体结构设计方法中。