Dissertation Research: The evolutionary significance of autopolyploidy in Tolmiea (Saxifragaceae)

论文研究：虎耳草科同源多倍体的进化意义

• 批准号: 1501803
• 负责人: Douglas Soltis
• 金额: $ 1.94万
• 依托单位: University of Florida
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-06-01 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1501803&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dissertation; Research; evolutionary; significance; autopolyploidy

This research will investigate the evolutionary consequences of whole-genome duplication in the flowering plant genus Tolmiea. Duplication occurs when an offspring ends up with two copies of all of the chromosomes of its parents. Genome duplications have occurred frequently within the flowering plants (300,000+ species), and likely contributed to their success. Most agricultural crops are the result of one or more recent duplication events, including wheat, cotton, corn, potato, and sugarcane. Thus, the research will be of broad importance in agriculture as well as the study of biodiversity.Tolmiea (Saxifragaceae) contains one polyploid, T. menziesii that arose directly from the single diploid in the genus, T. diplomenziesii. Ongoing work found divergence both in abiotic niche preference and physiological water stress responses between diploid and autotetraploid Tolmiea. In concert with other ecophysiological investigations, this research will characterize the role autopolyploidy has played in the divergence of gene expression patterns using a common garden experiment consisting of multiple populations and multiple water-stress treatments. This study will: 1) provide insights into genome-wide patterns of gene expression in a natural autopolyploid compared to its diploid parent, 2) evaluate the variation and responsiveness of gene expression levels to the presence and absence of water-stress, and 3) use synthetic polyploid lines to determine whether these changes are the immediate effect of polyploidy or the result of subsequent evolution. This study will increase our understanding of gene expression changes resulting from autopolyploidy, and will provide valuable information for future breeding management and improvement of autopolyploid crops.

这项研究将调查全基因组重复在开花植物属中的进化后果。当后代以其父母的所有染色体的两份副本结束时，就会发生重复。基因组重复经常发生在开花植物（300,000多种）中，可能有助于其成功。大多数农作物都是最近重复事件的结果，包括小麦，棉，玉米，土豆和甘蔗。因此，这项研究将在农业以及生物多样性的研究中至关重要。TOLMIEA（saxifragaceae）包含一个多倍体，T。menziesii直接来自T. biperlomenziesii属的单个二倍体。正在进行的工作发现二倍体和自动二倍体tolmiea之间的非生物利基偏好和生理水应力反应既有差异。与其他生态生物学研究一致，这项研究将表征自动多倍体在基因表达模式差异中使用的作用，该作用使用由多个种群和多种水压力治疗组成的常见花园实验。这项研究将：1）与其二倍体父母相比，提供对天然自身多倍体基因表达的全基因表达模式的见解，2）评估基因表达水平对存在和不存在水压力的存在的变化和反应性，而3）使用合成多倍体线来确定这些变化是否是多倍倍倍相位或副作用的效果。这项研究将提高我们对自身多倍体产生的基因表达变化的理解，并将为未来的育种管理和自动多倍体作物的改善提供宝贵的信息。