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DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Delineation of populations, species, and genomic adaptations across a widely distributed venomous snake species complex

论文研究：描述广泛分布的毒蛇物种复合体的种群、物种和基因组适应

基本信息

批准号：
1501886
负责人：
Todd Castoe
金额：
$ 1.97万
依托单位：
University of Texas at Arlington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-06-01 至 2017-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1501886&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
DISSERTATION RESEARCH Delineation populations species

项目摘要

Characterizing the diversity and relatedness of life is an important goal of evolutionary biology, and our understanding of this diversity provides a framework to address important questions. Many of these questions relate to adaptations that are evolved over time to better suit organisms to their environment. In particular, it is little understood whether the same evolutionary forces and processes may act in a similar manner to produce locally adapted traits in closely related lineages. Are certain genes or genomic regions repeatedly targeted by natural selection across species that occupy drastically different habitats and climates? This research aims to address these questions using a unique system of North American rattlesnakes, the Crotalus viridis species complex. Snakes of this group are highly diverse in their coloration, size, and venom composition, and thrive in diverse ecoregions. This research program will generate a robust understanding of the evolutionary relationships among members of this group, which will also provide a contextual framework for testing hypotheses of how natural selection has driven their diversification. This research program will then use information collected from throughout the genomes of these lineages to look for evidence of genes and sets of genes that are common targets of selection for local adaptation.Understanding the systematics of species complexes can be challenging, but new and robust analytical approaches, together with large genome-scale datasets from next-generation sequencing technology are making this challenge increasingly manageable. Despite the difficulties inherent in studying species complexes, these systems are ideal for linking our understanding of their biodiversity with the genomic processes that have shaped their evolution and diversity. This project seeks to make these connections using a comparative phylogenetic system, the Crotalus viridis species complex. The research program will generate the first robust species tree for the complex, which has historically been a problematic group for systematists, using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data. This phylogenetic framework will then be used as a comparative platform for analyses of genes and genomic regions under selection within and among lineages. This research will interrogate the genomes of multiple populations and species to address the question of whether selection regimes target common loci across such a species complex, or if genes and functional categories of genes are idiosyncratically targeted by lineage. Collectively, this research will characterize the evolutionary history of a diverse and medically relevant venomous snake group and will add considerably to our knowledge of the roles that adaptation and convergent evolution play in the generation of biodiversity at multiple scales.

表征生命的多样性和相关性是进化生物学的一个重要目标，我们对这种多样性的理解为解决重要问题提供了一个框架。其中许多问题都与随着时间的推移而进化的适应有关，以便生物体更好地适应其环境。特别是，人们很少了解相同的进化力量和过程是否可以以类似的方式发挥作用，在密切相关的谱系中产生适应当地的性状。某些基因或基因组区域是否在栖息地和气候截然不同的物种中反复成为自然选择的目标？这项研究旨在利用北美响尾蛇的独特系统——响尾蛇物种复合体来解决这些问题。该类蛇的颜色、大小和毒液成分高度多样化，并且在不同的生态区中繁衍生息。该研究计划将对这一群体成员之间的进化关系产生深入的了解，这也将为检验自然选择如何推动其多样化的假设提供一个背景框架。然后，该研究计划将利用从这些谱系的整个基因组中收集的信息来寻找基因和基因组的证据，这些基因和基因组是当地适应选择的共同目标。了解物种复合体的系统性可能具有挑战性，但新的、强大的分析方法，加上来自下一代测序技术的大型基因组规模数据集，正在使这一挑战变得越来越容易应对。尽管研究物种复合体存在固有的困难，但这些系统非常适合将我们对其生物多样性的理解与塑造其进化和多样性的基因组过程联系起来。该项目旨在利用比较系统发育系统（Crotalus viridis 物种复合体）建立这些联系。该研究计划将使用全基因组单核苷酸多态性数据，为该复合体生成第一个强大的物种树，该复合体历来一直是系统学家的一个有问题的群体。然后，该系统发育框架将用作分析谱系内和谱系间选择下的基因和基因组区域的比较平台。这项研究将询问多个种群和物种的基因组，以解决选择机制是否针对跨物种复合体的共同基因座的问题，或者基因和基因的功能类别是否是由谱系特异地靶向的问题。总的来说，这项研究将描述多样化且与医学相关的毒蛇类群的进化历史，并将大大增加我们对适应和趋同进化在多个尺度的生物多样性生成中所发挥的作用的了解。