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DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Delineation of populations, species, and genomic adaptations across a widely distributed venomous snake species complex

论文研究：描述广泛分布的毒蛇物种复合体的种群、物种和基因组适应

基本信息

批准号：
1501886
负责人：
Todd Castoe
金额：
$ 1.97万
依托单位：
University of Texas at Arlington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-06-01 至 2017-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1501886&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
DISSERTATION RESEARCH Delineation populations species

项目摘要

Characterizing the diversity and relatedness of life is an important goal of evolutionary biology, and our understanding of this diversity provides a framework to address important questions. Many of these questions relate to adaptations that are evolved over time to better suit organisms to their environment. In particular, it is little understood whether the same evolutionary forces and processes may act in a similar manner to produce locally adapted traits in closely related lineages. Are certain genes or genomic regions repeatedly targeted by natural selection across species that occupy drastically different habitats and climates? This research aims to address these questions using a unique system of North American rattlesnakes, the Crotalus viridis species complex. Snakes of this group are highly diverse in their coloration, size, and venom composition, and thrive in diverse ecoregions. This research program will generate a robust understanding of the evolutionary relationships among members of this group, which will also provide a contextual framework for testing hypotheses of how natural selection has driven their diversification. This research program will then use information collected from throughout the genomes of these lineages to look for evidence of genes and sets of genes that are common targets of selection for local adaptation.Understanding the systematics of species complexes can be challenging, but new and robust analytical approaches, together with large genome-scale datasets from next-generation sequencing technology are making this challenge increasingly manageable. Despite the difficulties inherent in studying species complexes, these systems are ideal for linking our understanding of their biodiversity with the genomic processes that have shaped their evolution and diversity. This project seeks to make these connections using a comparative phylogenetic system, the Crotalus viridis species complex. The research program will generate the first robust species tree for the complex, which has historically been a problematic group for systematists, using genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphism data. This phylogenetic framework will then be used as a comparative platform for analyses of genes and genomic regions under selection within and among lineages. This research will interrogate the genomes of multiple populations and species to address the question of whether selection regimes target common loci across such a species complex, or if genes and functional categories of genes are idiosyncratically targeted by lineage. Collectively, this research will characterize the evolutionary history of a diverse and medically relevant venomous snake group and will add considerably to our knowledge of the roles that adaptation and convergent evolution play in the generation of biodiversity at multiple scales.

描述生命的多样性和关联性是进化生物学的一个重要目标，我们对这种多样性的理解为解决重要问题提供了一个框架。这些问题中的许多都与适应有关，这些适应是随着时间的推移而进化的，以更好地适应生物所处的环境。特别是，人们很少了解相同的进化力量和过程是否会以类似的方式在密切相关的谱系中产生局部适应的特征。在不同的栖息地和气候的物种中，某些基因或基因组区域是否会被自然选择反复定位？这项研究旨在利用北美响尾蛇的一个独特系统--鳄鱼物种复合体--来解决这些问题。这一类蛇的颜色、大小和毒液成分高度多样化，并在不同的生态区茁壮成长。这项研究计划将对这一群体成员之间的进化关系产生强有力的理解，这也将为检验自然选择如何推动他们多样化的假说提供一个背景框架。然后，这个研究计划将使用从这些谱系的整个基因组中收集的信息来寻找基因和基因组的证据，这些基因和基因集是局部适应的共同选择目标。理解物种复合体的系统学可能是具有挑战性的，但新的和强大的分析方法，以及来自下一代测序技术的大规模基因组数据集，使这一挑战越来越容易管理。尽管在研究物种复合体方面存在固有的困难，但这些系统是将我们对它们生物多样性的了解与塑造它们进化和多样性的基因组过程联系起来的理想选择。这个项目试图利用一个比较的系统发育系统--鳄鱼物种复合体--来建立这些联系。该研究计划将使用全基因组范围的单核苷酸多态数据，为该复合体生成第一棵强大的物种树，该复合体历来是系统学家的一个有问题的群体。然后，这个系统发育框架将被用作一个比较平台，用于分析谱系内和谱系之间选择的基因和基因组区域。这项研究将询问多个种群和物种的基因组，以解决这样一个物种复合体中的选择制度是否针对共同的位置，或者基因和基因的功能类别是否特定地以谱系为目标的问题。总而言之，这项研究将描述一个不同的和医学上相关的毒蛇群体的进化史，并将极大地增加我们对适应和收敛进化在多个尺度上的生物多样性产生中所扮演的角色的认识。