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DISSERTATION RESEARCH: Genomic basis of convergent phenotypic evolution in island populations of boa constrictors

论文研究：岛屿蟒蛇种群趋同表型进化的基因组基础

基本信息

批准号：
1501747
负责人：
Todd Castoe
金额：
$ 1.97万
依托单位：
University of Texas at Arlington
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-06-01 至 2017-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1501747&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
DISSERTATION RESEARCH Genomic basis convergent

项目摘要

Islands often contain unique ecosystems and organisms. Numerous species across the animal tree-of-life have evolved a dwarfed body size on islands, and some, including Boa constrictor, the focal species for this work, have evolved dwarfism multiple times on multiple independent islands. The drastic variation between normal, large-sized mainland boas and their closely-related dwarfed island relatives suggests that a relatively small number of genetic variants in the B. constrictor genome may underlie island dwarfism, and that this system may therefore provide new insight into the genetics of body size in vertebrates. This project also leverages the replicated evolution of dwarf populations of Boa constrictor to investigate if repeated evolution of dwarfism is driven by shared or unique genes or functional pathways across multiple independently evolved dwarf island populations. This work will therefore address fundamental topics in evolutionary biology, including the genetic basis of local adaptation in natural populations and test for connections between the genetic and morphological basis for evolutionary convergence.The ability of evolution to drive the convergent evolution of phenotypic traits provides some of the strongest and clearest evidence for selection and adaptation. More recent work has become particularly interested in whether canalized paths of genetic evolution underlie convergent phenotypic evolution, or whether instead idiosyncratic and/or diverse genetic paths and processes lead to convergent phenotypic solutions. This work will use genome-wide single nucleotide polymorphisms to first delineate the population structure and phylogenetic relationships among island and mainland populations of Boa constrictor. These same markers will also be used to find regions of the genome that are putatively under selection and that are most variable between island and mainland populations, which represent the most promising regions in which to identify genes underlying body size dwarfism. Data collected from independent island lineages will be used to test whether phenotypic convergence in body size is the product of genotypic or functional convergence at the molecular level. This work will therefore answer questions about the genetics of adaptation and about the molecular basis of convergent evolution.

岛屿往往拥有独特的生态系统和生物体。动物生命树中的许多物种在岛屿上进化出了矮小的体型，包括这项工作的焦点物种Boa constrictor在内的一些物种在多个独立岛屿上多次进化出侏儒症。正常的大型大陆蟒蛇和它们的近亲侏儒岛之间的剧烈变化表明，B中相对少量的遗传变异。这一系统可能为脊椎动物体型大小的遗传学提供了新的见解。该项目还利用Boa constrictor侏儒种群的复制进化来研究侏儒症的重复进化是否是由多个独立进化的侏儒岛种群的共享或独特基因或功能途径驱动的。因此，这项工作将解决进化生物学的基本课题，包括在自然种群中的局部适应的遗传基础和测试进化收敛的遗传和形态基础之间的连接。进化驱动表型性状的收敛进化的能力为选择和适应提供了一些最强有力和最清晰的证据。最近的工作已经成为特别感兴趣的是，是否渠道化的遗传进化路径的基础收敛表型进化，或者是否反而特质和/或不同的遗传路径和过程导致收敛表型的解决方案。这项工作将利用全基因组单核苷酸多态性，首先描绘种群结构和岛屿和大陆种群之间的系统发育关系的蟒蛇。这些相同的标记也将被用来寻找基因组中的区域，这些区域在选择下是pupelican的，并且在岛屿和大陆种群之间变化最大，这代表了最有希望的区域，以确定身体大小侏儒症的基因。从独立岛屿谱系收集的数据将用于检验体型的表型趋同是否是分子水平上基因型或功能趋同的产物。因此，这项工作将回答有关适应的遗传学和趋同进化的分子基础的问题。