The Thracian harbour city Ainos in Roman and Byzantine times - the development of a traffic hub in a changing environment

罗马和拜占庭时期的色雷斯海港城市艾诺斯——不断变化的环境中交通枢纽的发展

• 批准号: 219422333
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Helmut Brückner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Leibniz-Zentrum für Archäologie (LEIZA)
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Priority Programmes
• 财政年份: 2012
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2011-12-31 至 2017-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/219422333?language=en
• 关键词: Thracian; harbour; city; Ainos; Roman

During the 1st funding period of the Priority Programme (SPP 1630) the major palaeogeographic changes in and around Ainos were elucidated. We demonstrated that during the last five millennia, the former large marine embayment has undergone significant metamorphosis, changing from a ria-type coast to a simplified coast. Due to this fundamental morphogenesis, the later settlement hill, which was an island during the maximum marine transgression, was connected to the mainland by tomboli and beach barrier-lagoon-complexes. In Roman-Byzantine times, this process continued and provided the perfect environmental context for the installation of harbours. Unfortunately, definite proof for an ancient harbour at Ainos has been elusive. However, based on geophysical data and geoarchaeological evidence, several potential harbour sites have been identified. Furthermore, knowledge of the topography of the Roman and Byzantine city could be improved, especially concerning the development of the ancient city wall and the chronology of fortifications, which are located near the waterfront. Roman pottery (fine wares) and constructions elements of marble of ancient architecture provide valuable information about the trade relations of Ainos. During the 2nd period of the SPP, the research at Ainos will be finalised. A major target is to identify the locations of the harbours. In order to achieve this goal, (i) trenches will be dug at relevant sites; (ii) sediment facies, representing the Roman-Byzantine period, shall be dated and analysed with high precision; (iii) flights with UAVs (octocopter) will be carried out at promising harbour sites. With additional sediment cores, geological transects will help to identify the thickness, extension and character of the Roman and Byzantine strata. The environmental changes during this period will be elucidated using a high-resolution study of the microfauna, while a chronological framework will be provided by AMS-14C and, if possible, diagnostic artifacts. Additionally, the evaluation of the settlement development and of the economy at a supra-regional level is intended, starting with the results obtained for Ainos. During the 1.5 years (until the end of 2016), for which funding is requested, the research plan is subdivided into three steps: preparation and realisation of the final fieldwork season (step 1); analysis and dating of selected samples in the laboratory, work on archives, and visit of the museum in Edirne (step 2); writing of the final report and papers for publication in international journals (step 3). At the end of phase 2, a workshop is planned, including external experts, in order to evaluate and harmonize all of the data from geoarchaeology, geophysics, and remote sensing, as well as archaeology, ancient history and architecture.

在优先计划（SPP 1630）的第一个资助期内，阐明了艾诺斯及其周围地区的主要古地理变化。我们证明，在过去的五千年中，前大型海洋海湾经历了显着的变形，从一个里亚型海岸到一个简化的海岸。由于这一基本的形态发生，后来的定居山，这是一个岛屿，在最大的海侵，连接到大陆的tumboli和海滩屏障泻湖复合体。在罗马-拜占庭时期，这一过程继续进行，并为港口的安装提供了完美的环境背景。不幸的是，在艾诺斯的古代港口的确切证据一直难以捉摸。然而，根据地球物理数据和地质考古证据，已经确定了几个潜在的港口地点。此外，可以提高对罗马和拜占庭城市地形的了解，特别是关于古城墙的发展和位于海滨附近的防御工事的年表。罗马陶器（精美的陶器）和古代建筑的大理石建筑元素提供了有关艾诺斯贸易关系的宝贵信息。在SPP的第二阶段，Ainos的研究将完成。一个主要目标是确定港口的位置。为了实现这一目标，（i）将在相关地点挖掘战壕;（ii）应高精度地测定和分析代表罗马-拜占庭时期的沉积相;（iii）将在有前途的港口地点进行无人机（八轴飞行器）飞行。如果有更多的沉积物岩心，地质剖面将有助于确定罗马和拜占庭地层的厚度、范围和特征。这一时期的环境变化将利用对微型动物的高分辨率研究加以阐明，AMS-14 C将提供时间框架，如有可能，还将提供诊断人工制品。此外，打算从艾诺斯获得的结果开始，在超区域一级对定居点发展和经济进行评价。在1.5年中（到2016年底），为此申请资金，研究计划分为三个步骤：准备和实现最后的实地考察季节（步骤1）;在实验室中对选定的样品进行分析和定年，档案工作，以及参观埃迪尔内博物馆（步骤2）;编写最后报告和论文，在国际期刊上发表（第3步）。在第二阶段结束时，计划举办一次由外部专家参加的讲习班，以评估和统一来自地质考古学、地球物理学和遥感以及考古学、古代历史和建筑学的所有数据。

项目成果

Using a Multi-Proxy Approach to Detect and Date a Buried part of the Hellenistic City Wall of Ainos (NW Turkey)

使用多代理方法检测艾诺斯希腊化城墙的埋藏部分并确定其年代（土耳其西北部）

• DOI: 10.3390/geosciences8100357
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: Geosciences
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: M. Seeliger;A. Pint;P. Frenzel;P. K. Weisenseel;E. Erkul;D. Wilken;T. Wunderlich;S. Başaran;H. Bücherl;M. Herbrecht;W. Rabbel;Th. Schmidts;N. Szemkus;H. Brückner
• 通讯作者: H. Brückner