Vulnerability of complex production-networks along the Atlantic coast of southern Hispania

西班牙南部大西洋沿岸复杂生产网络的脆弱性

• 批准号: 323318298
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Helmut Brückner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Geographisches Institut
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/323318298?language=en
• 关键词: Vulnerability; complex; production; networks; along

Besides mining and farming, the maritime economy with its distinctive fish sauce production (garum) should be acknowledged amongst the pillars of the proverbial flourishing of the Roman Hispanic provinces. The focus of this interdisciplinary research project is particularly the vulnerability of this fish-processing industry, as well as its complex production networks, when confronted with short and long-term natural phenomena occurring at the highly dynamic Atlantic coast. The dominance of Hispanic fish sauce on the market relied on the coincidence of favourable natural circumstances, a stable political and economic context, as well as highly specialized production networks. The value chains connected via sea routes involved fisheries, salt mines and amphorae-production workshops and processing facilities. The currently available data form the south of Hispania indicate a sharp decline in this industry`s output during the middle Roman Imperial period. This slump seems to have been caused by one or more extreme events (tsunami, severe storm) and/or a phase of climatic deterioration. However, the indubitable recovery of the fishing industry is noteworthy - in particular the recovery of the industry at the Atlantic coast of Lusitania, which is manifest in the reorganization of both the production facilities and the means of distribution. Nonetheless, towards the end of the 5th century AD the simultaneous environmental change and decline of the local and empire-wide networks of production and distribution triggered the final collapse of the fish production industry in the entire Hispania, which was particularly dependent on product export. This multidisciplinary project will selectively analyse archaeological and geological records (production facilities and sediment archives) in three areas along the Atlantic coast, in order to detect the reasons for drastic changes in fish-sauce production. Within the framework of the project, a robust chronology will be established for the first time, as a prerequisite for obtaining information about the synchronicity of these changes in the study area and at the sites related to fish processing. Consequently, a primary concern will be to reconstruct the former geomorphological and environmental setting and to evaluate if and to which extent it reflects the development of the settlement structures. Furthermore, the long-debated production networks will be outlined using specific examples. Conversely, attested local extreme events will be traced with geoarchaeological methods and cross-checked with historical accounts about natural catastrophes and their long-range impacts to be estimated. The maritime economy of the Roman Empire is a focal point of recent discourses within Classics. This is evident from the SPP 1630 (Harbours and Ports - from Roman Imperial until Medieval Times) and the GDK 1878 (The Archaeology of the Pre-modern Economies), as well as by the ERC projects RoMP (S. Keay) and EPNet (J. Remesal)

除了采矿和耕种外，还应在罗马西班牙裔省份众所周知的繁荣的支柱中承认，海上经济具有独特的鱼酱生产（Garum）。这个跨学科研究项目的重点尤其是该鱼类加工行业的脆弱性以及其复杂的生产网络，当时在高度动态的大西洋沿岸发生了短期和长期的自然现象。西班牙裔鱼类酱在市场上的主导地位依赖于有利的自然环境的巧合，稳定的政治和经济环境以及高度专业的生产网络。通过海上航线连接的价值链涉及渔业，盐矿和两栖动物生产研讨会和加工设施。当前可用的数据构成西班牙裔南部，表明该行业中期罗马帝国时期的产出急剧下降。这个萧条似乎是由一个或多个极端事件（海啸，严重的风暴）和/或气候恶化阶段引起的。但是，值得注意的是，捕鱼行业的不可恢复 - 特别是在卢西塔尼亚大西洋海岸的行业恢复，这在生产设施和分配方式的重组中显现出来。尽管如此，在公元5世纪末，当地和帝国范围内的生产和分销网络的同时环境变化以及衰落引发了整个西班牙省鱼类生产行业的最终崩溃，这特别依赖于产品出口。这个多学科项目将有选择地分析大西洋沿岸三个地区的考古和地质记录（生产设施和沉积物档案），以检测出鱼类糖生产的急剧变化的原因。在项目的框架内，将首次建立强大的年表，以获取有关研究区域中这些变化的同步性以及与鱼类加工相关的地点的同步性的先决条件。因此，主要问题将是重建以前的地貌和环境环境，并评估它是否以及在何种程度反映了定居结构的发展。此外，将使用特定示例概述了长期的生产网络。相反，有证明的当地极端事件将通过地理学方法进行追溯，并与有关自然灾难及其远距离影响的历史记载进行了交叉检查。罗马帝国的海洋经济是经典杂志最近话语的重点。从SPP 1630（港口和港口 - 从罗马帝国到中世纪时代）和GDK 1878（前现代经济体考古学），以及ERC Projects Romp（S.Keey）和Epnet（J. Remesal），这是可以明显看出的。