Vulnerability of complex production-networks along the Atlantic coast of southern Hispania

西班牙南部大西洋沿岸复杂生产网络的脆弱性

• 批准号: 323318298
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Helmut Brückner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Geographisches Institut
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2015-12-31 至 2020-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/323318298?language=en
• 关键词: Vulnerability; complex; production; networks; along

Besides mining and farming, the maritime economy with its distinctive fish sauce production (garum) should be acknowledged amongst the pillars of the proverbial flourishing of the Roman Hispanic provinces. The focus of this interdisciplinary research project is particularly the vulnerability of this fish-processing industry, as well as its complex production networks, when confronted with short and long-term natural phenomena occurring at the highly dynamic Atlantic coast. The dominance of Hispanic fish sauce on the market relied on the coincidence of favourable natural circumstances, a stable political and economic context, as well as highly specialized production networks. The value chains connected via sea routes involved fisheries, salt mines and amphorae-production workshops and processing facilities. The currently available data form the south of Hispania indicate a sharp decline in this industry`s output during the middle Roman Imperial period. This slump seems to have been caused by one or more extreme events (tsunami, severe storm) and/or a phase of climatic deterioration. However, the indubitable recovery of the fishing industry is noteworthy - in particular the recovery of the industry at the Atlantic coast of Lusitania, which is manifest in the reorganization of both the production facilities and the means of distribution. Nonetheless, towards the end of the 5th century AD the simultaneous environmental change and decline of the local and empire-wide networks of production and distribution triggered the final collapse of the fish production industry in the entire Hispania, which was particularly dependent on product export. This multidisciplinary project will selectively analyse archaeological and geological records (production facilities and sediment archives) in three areas along the Atlantic coast, in order to detect the reasons for drastic changes in fish-sauce production. Within the framework of the project, a robust chronology will be established for the first time, as a prerequisite for obtaining information about the synchronicity of these changes in the study area and at the sites related to fish processing. Consequently, a primary concern will be to reconstruct the former geomorphological and environmental setting and to evaluate if and to which extent it reflects the development of the settlement structures. Furthermore, the long-debated production networks will be outlined using specific examples. Conversely, attested local extreme events will be traced with geoarchaeological methods and cross-checked with historical accounts about natural catastrophes and their long-range impacts to be estimated. The maritime economy of the Roman Empire is a focal point of recent discourses within Classics. This is evident from the SPP 1630 (Harbours and Ports - from Roman Imperial until Medieval Times) and the GDK 1878 (The Archaeology of the Pre-modern Economies), as well as by the ERC projects RoMP (S. Keay) and EPNet (J. Remesal)

除了采矿和农业，其独特的鱼露生产（garum）的海洋经济应该被认为是罗马西班牙省份繁荣的支柱之一。这一跨学科研究项目的重点是，在面对高度动态的大西洋沿岸发生的短期和长期自然现象时，这一鱼类加工业及其复杂的生产网络的脆弱性。西班牙鱼露在市场上的主导地位取决于有利的自然环境、稳定的政治和经济环境以及高度专业化的生产网络的巧合。通过海上航线连接的价值链涉及渔业、盐矿、双耳罐生产车间和加工设施。目前可获得的来自西班牙南部的数据表明，在罗马帝国时期中期，该行业的产量急剧下降。这种衰退似乎是由一个或多个极端事件（海啸、强风暴）和/或气候恶化的一个阶段造成的。然而，渔业无可置疑的恢复是值得注意的- -特别是卢西塔尼亚大西洋沿岸渔业的恢复，这表现在生产设施和分配手段的重组上。尽管如此，在公元5世纪末，同时发生的环境变化以及地方和帝国范围内的生产和分销网络的衰落，引发了整个西班牙的渔业生产工业的最终崩溃，这尤其依赖于产品出口。这个多学科项目将有选择地分析大西洋沿岸三个地区的考古和地质记录（生产设施和沉积物档案），以便查明鱼酱生产急剧变化的原因。在该项目的框架内，将首次建立一个可靠的年表，作为在研究区域和与鱼类加工有关的地点获得这些变化的同步性信息的先决条件。因此，一个主要的问题将是重建以前的地貌和环境环境，并评价它是否以及在多大程度上反映了住区结构的发展。此外，将用具体的例子概述长期争论的生产网络。相反，将用地质考古方法追踪已证实的当地极端事件，并与有关自然灾害及其长期影响的历史记载进行交叉核对。罗马帝国的海上经济是古典文学近期论述的焦点。从SPP 1630（港口和港口-从罗马帝国到中世纪）和GDK 1878（前现代经济考古学）以及ERC项目RoMP （S. Keay）和EPNet （J. Remesal）中可以明显看出这一点。