Tracing tsunami impacts in coastal geo- and bio-archives along the west coast of Thailand

追踪泰国西海岸沿海地理和生物档案中的海啸影响

• 批准号: 50295060
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Helmut Brückner
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Department of Geology
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2006-12-31 至 2013-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/50295060?language=en
• 关键词: Tracing; tsunami; impacts; coastal; geo

The project aims to identify traces left by tsunami impacts in nearshore geo- and bioarchives of selected coastal areas of western Thailand. The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami shall be taken as a prototype since it had a major effect on all coastal ecosystems. In Phase 1 all traces of the 2004 tsunami were studied in nearshore archives on land, in the littoral zone and in the sea (swales, coastal lowlands, lakes, embayments, mangrove swamps, boulder fields, coral reefs). Its fingerprint is being worked out by sedimentological, geochemical and microfaunal analyses. In Phase 2 (this application), traces of former extreme events in the same geo- and bioarchives and in additional ones along the west coast of Thailand shall be examined in detail with respect to their origin (storm or tsunami), intensitv and age (A). In order to reconstruct the tsunami history of the region, the palaeogeographic evolution of the studied sites (B) as well as the sea-level curve for the Middle and Late Holocene (C) has to be reconstructed. Swales of Phra Thong Island, water-filled sinkholes of the tower karst islands in Phang-nga Bay and the coastal plains at Ban Bang Sak and Cape Pakarang turned out to be suitable geo-archives. All of these sites contain multiple event layers with ages of several hundred years up to more than 5.000 years, dated by AMS-14C and OSL. They shall be studied in Phase 2 of the project in detail under the research goals (A), (B) and (C) mentioned above. Living Porites lutea colonies proved to be excellent bio-archives, having stored a continuous record of extreme events of the last 1.000 or so years. Sampling the reefs of Ko Racha Yai, it may be possible to extend this time span up to 2.000 years.

该项目旨在确定海啸影响在泰国西部选定沿海地区近岸地理和生物档案中留下的痕迹。2004年印度洋海啸对所有沿海生态系统都产生了重大影响，因此可以作为一个原型。在第一阶段，研究人员研究了2004年海啸的所有痕迹，包括陆地、沿海地区和海洋（洼地、沿海低地、湖泊、海湾、红树林沼泽、巨石地、珊瑚礁）的近岸档案。它的指纹正在通过沉积学、地球化学和微动物分析得到。在第2阶段（本申请）中，将详细检查泰国西海岸同一地理和生物档案中以前极端事件的痕迹，以及它们的起源（风暴或海啸）、强度和年龄(A)。为了重建该地区的海啸历史，必须重建研究地点的古地理演化(B)和全新世中晚期的海平面曲线(C)。Phra Thong岛的沼泽、攀牙湾（Phang-nga Bay）高耸的喀斯特岛（karst islands）充满水的陷坑，以及Ban Bang Sak和Pakarang角（Cape Pakarang）的沿海平原被证明是合适的地质档案。根据AMS-14C和OSL测定，所有这些遗址都包含多个事件层，年龄从几百年到5000多年不等。根据上述研究目标(A)、(B)、(C)，在项目的第二阶段进行详细研究。现存的黄斑岩群落被证明是优秀的生物档案，储存了过去1000年左右极端事件的连续记录。对拉差崖的珊瑚礁进行采样，可能会将这一时间跨度延长至2000年。