Tracing tsunami impacts in coastal geo- and bio-archives along the west coast of Thailand

该项目旨在确定海啸对泰国西部选定沿海地区近岸地理和生物档案的影响留下的痕迹。2004年印度洋海啸应作为一个原型，因为它对所有沿海生态系统都产生了重大影响。在第一阶段，对2004年海啸的所有遗迹进行了研究，保存在陆地、沿海地带和海洋(沼泽、沿海低地、湖泊、海湾、红树林沼泽、巨石场、珊瑚礁)的近岸档案中。它的指纹是通过沉积学、地球化学和微型动物分析得出的。在第2阶段(本申请)，应详细审查同一地理和生物档案以及泰国西海岸其他档案中以前极端事件的痕迹，包括它们的来源(风暴或海啸)、强度和年龄(A)。为了重建该地区的海啸历史，必须重建所研究地点的古地理演化(B)以及全新世中晚期的海平面曲线(C)。Phra Thong岛的水沟、盘牙湾塔式喀斯特岛屿的充满水的天坑以及班邦萨克和帕卡朗角的沿海平原被证明是合适的地理档案。所有这些地点都包含多个事件层，年龄从几百年到5.000多年，由AM-14C和OSL确定。应在项目第二阶段根据上述研究目标(A)、(B)和(C)对其进行详细研究。活着的波利茨黄茶殖民地被证明是极好的生物档案，保存了过去1.000年左右极端事件的连续记录。对Ko Racha Yai的珊瑚礁进行采样，可能会将这一时间跨度延长到2.000年。

The project aims to identify traces left by tsunami impacts in nearshore geo- and bioarchives of selected coastal areas of western Thailand. The 2004 Indian Ocean Tsunami shall be taken as a prototype since it had a major effect on all coastal ecosystems. In Phase 1 all traces of the 2004 tsunami were studied in nearshore archives on land, in the littoral zone and in the sea (swales, coastal lowlands, lakes, embayments, mangrove swamps, boulder fields, coral reefs). Its fingerprint is being worked out by sedimentological, geochemical and microfaunal analyses. In Phase 2 (this application), traces of former extreme events in the same geo- and bioarchives and in additional ones along the west coast of Thailand shall be examined in detail with respect to their origin (storm or tsunami), intensitv and age (A). In order to reconstruct the tsunami history of the region, the palaeogeographic evolution of the studied sites (B) as well as the sea-level curve for the Middle and Late Holocene (C) has to be reconstructed. Swales of Phra Thong Island, water-filled sinkholes of the tower karst islands in Phang-nga Bay and the coastal plains at Ban Bang Sak and Cape Pakarang turned out to be suitable geo-archives. All of these sites contain multiple event layers with ages of several hundred years up to more than 5.000 years, dated by AMS-14C and OSL. They shall be studied in Phase 2 of the project in detail under the research goals (A), (B) and (C) mentioned above. Living Porites lutea colonies proved to be excellent bio-archives, having stored a continuous record of extreme events of the last 1.000 or so years. Sampling the reefs of Ko Racha Yai, it may be possible to extend this time span up to 2.000 years.