Quaternary tsunami events in the eastern Ionian Sea - reconstructing and modelling extreme events based on interdisciplinary geo-scientific investigations

安布拉基亚湾和伯罗奔尼撒南部之间的希腊海岸暴露在极易引发海啸的希腊海沟中。它的特点是多次强烈海啸登陆的突出地貌和沉积学证据。在(超)区域范围内，爱奥尼亚海东部海啸研究项目的重点是重建和模拟全新世海啸的影响及其对沿海长期演变的影响。滨海平原沉积中的陆上海啸沉积，如抬升和反冲沉积、错动巨型块体和异地沉积遗迹，是重建古海啸事件的宝贵工具。通过地貌、沉积学、微形态、微古生物、地球化学和古环境分析，将对部分从振荡岩中提取的事件沉积进行研究。放射性碳测年和OSL测年是建立海啸年代学的首选方法。地质考古研究将有助于检查古代沿海聚居地是如何受到(古)海啸影响的。实地和实验室研究将产生一个与地理信息系统有关的海啸现场参数数据库，以适应和改进海啸登陆和沿海长期演变的计算机模型。计算机模拟方法将以波浪和水力理论、区域数字高程模型和高分辨率遥感数据为基础，并将海底物质运动和(或)垂直板块错位作为潜在触发因素。该跨学科项目嵌入了一个国际研究网络，显示出巨大的创新潜力，特别是通过应用(I)激光扫描摄影测量法模拟巨型块体位错和(Ii)用于评估海啸沉积年龄的36Cl表面暴露测年和交叉核对其他测年方法。

The Greek coast between the Ambrakian Gulf and the southern Peloponnese is exposed to the highly tsunamigenic Hellenic Trench. It is characterized by outstanding geomorphological and sedimentological evidence of multiple strong tsunami landfalls. On a (supra-)regional scale, the eastern Ionian Sea tsunami research project focuses on the reconstruction and modelling of Holocene tsunami impacts and their influence on the long-term coastal evolution. Onshore tsunami deposits such as runup and backwash deposits, dislocated mega-blocks and allochthonous sedimentary traces in coastal plain deposits are valuable instruments to reconstruct palaeotsunami events. Event deposits, partly retrieved from vibracores, will be studied by geomorphological, sedimentological, micromorphological, micropalaeontological, geochemical and palaeoenvironmental analyses. Radiocarbon and OSL-datings are first-choice methods to establish a tsunami geochronology. Geoarchaeological studies will help to check how ancient coastal settlements were affected by (palaeo-)tsunami impacts. Field and laboratory studies will result in a GIS-related tsunami field parameter database to adapt and refine computer models of tsunami landfall and long-term coastal evolution. Computer modelling approaches will be based on wave and hydraulic theories, regional digital elevation models and high-resolution remote sensing data and take into account submarine mass movements and/or vertical plate dislocations as potential triggers. The interdisciplinary project is embedded in an international research network and shows a large innovative potential, especially by the application of (i) laser scan photogrammetric methods for modelling mega-block dislocations and (ii) 36Cl surface exposure dating for assessing the age of tsunami deposits and cross-checking other dating methods.