Collaborative Research: Smart prismatic-louver technology for enhanced daylighting and management of thermal loads in green buildings

合作研究：智能棱柱百叶窗技术可增强绿色建筑的采光和热负荷管理

• 批准号: 1505603
• 负责人: Nicholas Madamopoulos
• 金额: $ 18.37万
• 依托单位: CUNY City College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2021-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1505603&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Smart; prismatic; louver

The project will develop nanofluid-filled louvers that can be used as light blocking devices, as well as visible light redirectors and solar infrared energy absorbers and manipulators. The louvers through their optical transparency to visible light and optical properties redirect the incoming collimated sunlight so that natural lighting improvement and management for deeper daylight penetration are achieved, reducing lighting electrical power cost. In addition, reduced glare and offsetting of artificial lighting needs can be accomplished, increasing occupants' comfort. The faculty and students involved in the project will organize lectures and workshops to share their results to the local community to inform of the possible benefits of the research. The integrated education and research program will enhance recruitment and outreach to various underrepresented communities at the two public universities that serve a large population of underrepresented students in STEM. Daylight is an important aspect of everyday life inside buildings, as it enhances individual productivity, increases student performance and well-being. The project has the potential to have an impact in the perception of and adaptation of older buildings to contemporary uses by virtue of sustainable energy technology. The project results offer a better working environment, reducing the energy requirements and the carbon footprint of buildings.The major objective of this project is to study the fundamental optics and thermal-fluid mechanisms for enhanced daylighting, enhanced solar infrared (IR) energy harvesting, and enhanced energy transport, via use of proposed nanofluid-filled prismatic louvers. In particular, the project will study the effects of the prismatic louver geometry, orientation and control in glazings, and the photothermal physics of nanofluids for achieving: (a) Visible light redirection and diffusion and smart control for better natural light penetration in the indoors, and (b) Selective radiation absorption through IR absorption-enhanced nanofluid for heat gain manipulation of the incoming solar radiation. The specific aims of the project include: (i) Optical analysis and experimental verification of enhanced daylighting; (ii) Spectral analysis of selected nanofluids for enhanced solar IR radiation harvesting; (iii) Thermal analysis and measurements for enhanced heat transfer and energy storage; and (iv) Daylighting and thermal management control for realizing a smart louver system. The project will develop prismatic louver geometries and orientations for optimum daylighting condition for a variety of climatic zones. At the same time, nanofluids (e.g., low-volume TiO2 nanoparticles in water) tailored for selectively increasing solar IR absorption/harvesting but not affecting visible light penetration will be developed and studied. An important objective of this project is to study the interplay between increased daylight penetration and the effects on reducing heating/cooling needs. This is required to effectively manage both the incoming light and solar radiation, by proper control of light redirection and heat transfer to either the surrounding environment, or to secondary heat exchanging and/or thermal storage tank, or to thermoelectricity generators. Theoretical and experimental work in both optics and heat transfer issues are addressed. For the first time to the project team's knowledge, the project addresses solar IR energy harvesting, regulation and management in a way that makes optimal use of their impact through an integrated and adaptable design that can address different climatic, and seasonal needs. The project through its hybrid methods and results, e.g., lighting and sun-shading, energy savings, thermal load reduction and nanofluid-based heat storage/transfer allows for the conversion of natural resources, achieving green energy and sustainability.

该项目将开发纳米流体填充的百叶窗，可用作光阻挡装置，以及可见光转向器和太阳能红外能量吸收器和操纵器。百叶窗通过其对可见光的光学透明性和光学特性重定向入射的准直阳光，使得实现自然照明改善和管理以实现更深的日光穿透，从而降低照明电力成本。此外，可以实现减少眩光和抵消人工照明需求，增加居住者的舒适度。参与该项目的教师和学生将组织讲座和研讨会，向当地社区分享他们的成果，以告知研究可能带来的好处。综合教育和研究计划将加强招聘和推广到两所公立大学的各种代表性不足的社区，这些大学为STEM中大量代表性不足的学生提供服务。日光是建筑物内日常生活的一个重要方面，因为它可以提高个人生产力，提高学生的表现和幸福感。该项目有可能通过可持续能源技术对旧建筑的认知和改造产生影响。该项目的主要目标是研究基本光学和热流体机制，通过使用拟议的纳米流体填充棱镜百叶窗，增强日光照明，增强太阳红外（IR）能量收集和增强能量传输。特别是，该项目将研究棱镜的几何形状、玻璃窗的方向和控制的影响，以及纳米流体的光热物理学，以实现：（a）可见光的重定向和扩散以及智能控制，以更好地穿透室内的自然光，以及（B）通过红外吸收增强的纳米流体选择性吸收辐射，以控制入射太阳辐射的热增益。该项目的具体目标包括：（一）对增强日光照明进行光学分析和实验验证;（二）对选定的纳米流体进行光谱分析，以增强太阳红外辐射收集;（三）进行热分析和测量，以增强热传递和能量储存;以及（四）实现智能太阳能系统的日光照明和热管理控制。该项目将开发棱柱体的几何形状和方向，为各种气候带提供最佳的采光条件。同时，纳米流体（例如，低体积的二氧化钛纳米粒子在水中）定制选择性地增加太阳能红外吸收/收获，但不影响可见光穿透将开发和研究。该项目的一个重要目标是研究增加日光渗透和减少供暖/制冷需求之间的相互作用。这需要通过适当地控制光重定向和热传递到周围环境或到次级热交换和/或热存储罐或到热电发电机来有效地管理入射光和太阳辐射。在光学和传热问题的理论和实验工作得到解决。据项目团队所知，该项目首次解决了太阳能红外线能量收集、调节和管理问题，通过集成和适应性强的设计，最大限度地利用其影响，以满足不同的气候和季节需求。该项目通过其混合方法和成果，照明和遮阳、节能、减少热负荷和基于纳米流体的储热/传热可以转换自然资源，实现绿色能源和可持续发展。