Nonequilibrium States of Topological Quantum Fluids and Unconventional Superconductors
拓扑量子流体和非常规超导体的非平衡态
基本信息
- 批准号:1508730
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 48万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:美国
- 项目类别:Continuing Grant
- 财政年份:2015
- 资助国家:美国
- 起止时间:2015-09-01 至 2020-08-31
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
NON-TECHNICAL SUMMARYThe research made possible with this award is directed toward prediction and discovery of the thermal, electrical and magnetic properties of a new class of materials described as "topological" materials. The properties of these materials are governed by the laws of quantum physics and organizing principles based on the mathematics of symmetry and topology, the latter of which can be visualized as the properties of matter that are insensitive to deformations. The research focuses on the prediction of the properties of topological phases of matter, particularly topological superconductors, superfluids, and hybrid systems composed of insulators and superconductors, which are driven out of equilibrium by electric and magnetic fields or by contact with other materials. The emphasis will be on systems that are confined in small regions of space, such as cavities that are some 100 times smaller than the human hair, droplets or ultra-thin channels and films, because unique physical properties are predicted to occur on surfaces and interfaces of topological materials. Many properties of condensed matter that have been predicted and discovered as a result of basic research have resulted in applications and new technologies - from instrumentation for medical diagnostics to electronic and magnetic devices for information storage and high-speed computation. These discoveries have led to technologies that have transformed our society. There is reasoned expectation that discoveries in topological condensed matter will lead to next-generation electronic and magnetic devices, with potential societal impacts that range from significant to transformative. This research project also has strong education components involving the training of graduate students as next generation of research leaders, and a continuation of the PI's commitment in recruiting undergraduates into cutting edge research projects. The proposed research involves international collaborations with researchers in the United Kingdom and Japan which will enrich the research enterprise in physical sciences in the US.TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports research and education in theoretical physics of newly discovered and newly predicted quantum phases of matter, particularly topological superfluids, liquid helium-three, and unconventional superconductors, including candidates for topological superconductivity, strontium ruthenate, uranium platinum-three, copper bismuth selenide, and heavy electron materials exhibiting coexistent ferromagnetism and superconductivity. The proposed research is focused on investigations of topological condensed matter out of equilibrium, with the goal of predicting and interpreting experimental observations on, and signatures of, topological quantum phases of matter under non-equilibrium conditions. A key goal of this research is a quantitative and predictive theory of the non-equilibrium response and dynamics of topological superconductors and superfluids. Specific studies that will be pursued with this award include the development of quantum transport equations for the distribution functions for edge and surface states, the dynamical equations for the non-equilibrium spectral functions for these states, the development of microscopic models for surface and interface boundary conditions, and the effects of back-action of the bulk, including possible coupling to Bosonic collective modes. A second thread in this research is the investigation of the dynamics of vortices, domain walls and impurities, and mechanisms of dissipation in topological superconductors and superfluids. A third line of research employs theoretical models and statistical methods for analyzing the interplay between topological order and extrinsic disorder that is present in virtually all macroscopic forms of matter. There is reasoned expectation that discoveries in topological condensed matter, including matter in confined geometries, new electronic materials and heterogeneous superconducting and magnetic materials, will lead to next-generation quantum electronic and magnetic devices, with potential societal impacts that range from significant to transformative. This research project also has strong education components involving the training of graduate students as next generation of research leaders, and a continuation of the PI's commitment in recruiting undergraduates into cutting edge research projects. The proposed research involves international collaborations with researchers in the United Kingdom and Japan which will enrich the research enterprise in physical sciences in the US.
非技术总结该奖项的研究可能是针对预测和发现的热,电和磁性能的一类新的材料描述为“拓扑”材料。这些材料的性质受量子物理定律和基于对称性和拓扑学数学的组织原理的支配,后者可以被视为对变形不敏感的物质性质。该研究的重点是预测物质的拓扑相的性质,特别是拓扑超导体,超流体和由绝缘体和超导体组成的混合系统,这些系统被电场和磁场或与其他材料接触而脱离平衡。重点将放在被限制在空间小区域的系统上,例如比人类头发小100倍的空腔,液滴或超薄通道和薄膜,因为预测独特的物理特性会发生在拓扑材料的表面和界面上。凝聚态物质的许多性质已经被预测和发现,作为基础研究的结果,已经导致了应用和新技术-从医疗诊断仪器到信息存储和高速计算的电子和磁性设备。这些发现导致了改变我们社会的技术。人们有理由期望,拓扑凝聚态物质的发现将导致下一代电子和磁性设备,具有从重大到变革性的潜在社会影响。这个研究项目也有很强的教育成分,涉及培养研究生作为下一代的研究领导者,并继续PI的承诺,招募本科生到尖端的研究项目。拟议的研究涉及与英国和日本的研究人员的国际合作,这将丰富美国物理科学的研究事业。技术概述该奖项支持新发现和新预测的物质量子相的理论物理学研究和教育,特别是拓扑超流体,液态氦-3和非常规超导体,包括拓扑超导性的候选者,铼酸锶、铀铂-三、铜铋硒化物和表现出共存的铁磁性和超导性的重电子材料。拟议的研究重点是调查拓扑凝聚态的平衡,预测和解释实验观察的目标,和签名,拓扑量子相位的物质在非平衡条件下。这项研究的一个关键目标是拓扑超导体和超流体的非平衡响应和动力学的定量和预测理论。具体的研究,将追求与此奖项包括量子传输方程的边缘和表面状态的分布函数的发展,为这些状态的非平衡光谱函数的动力学方程,表面和界面边界条件的微观模型的发展,以及大规模的反作用的影响,包括可能耦合到玻色子集体模式。在这项研究的第二个线程是涡旋,畴壁和杂质的动力学,拓扑超导体和超流体的耗散机制的调查。第三条研究路线采用理论模型和统计方法来分析拓扑有序和外在无序之间的相互作用,这种相互作用存在于几乎所有宏观形式的物质中。人们有理由期望,拓扑凝聚态物质的发现,包括受限几何形状的物质,新的电子材料和异质超导和磁性材料,将导致下一代量子电子和磁性设备,具有从重大到变革性的潜在社会影响。这个研究项目也有很强的教育成分,涉及培养研究生作为下一代的研究领导者,并继续PI的承诺,招募本科生到尖端的研究项目。拟议的研究涉及与英国和日本研究人员的国际合作,这将丰富美国物理科学的研究事业。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(0)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
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James Sauls其他文献
James Sauls的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('James Sauls', 18)}}的其他基金
The Science and Fundamental Understanding of the Radio Frequency Surface Resistance of Nitrogen Doped SRF cavities
氮掺杂 SRF 腔射频表面电阻的科学和基本理解
- 批准号:
1734332 - 财政年份:2017
- 资助金额:
$ 48万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
Excitations, Topological Defects and Quantum Transport in Superconductors and Superfluid 3He in Confined Geometries
受限几何中超导体和超流体 3He 中的激发、拓扑缺陷和量子输运
- 批准号:
1106315 - 财政年份:2011
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$ 48万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
Magneto-Acoustic and Quantum Transport in Helium Three
氦三中的磁声和量子输运
- 批准号:
0805277 - 财政年份:2008
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$ 48万 - 项目类别:
Continuing Grant
U.S.-Finland Cooperative Research: Theory of Josephson Effects in Superfluid Helium-3
美国-芬兰合作研究:超流氦3中的约瑟夫森效应理论
- 批准号:
8813867 - 财政年份:1988
- 资助金额:
$ 48万 - 项目类别:
Standard Grant
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