Constructing Empirical Public Decision-Making: The Application of Situated Data to Development in Consolidated Informal Settlements

构建实证公共决策：情景数据在综合非正式住区发展中的应用

• 批准号: 1513395
• 负责人: Steven Moore
• 金额: $ 25.33万
• 依托单位: University of Texas at Austin
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-09-01 至 2017-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1513395&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Constructing; Empirical; Public; Decision; Making

The Directorate of Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences offers postdoctoral research fellowships to provide opportunities for recent doctoral graduates to obtain additional training, to gain research experience under the sponsorship of established scientists, and to broaden their scientific horizons beyond their undergraduate and graduate training. Postdoctoral fellowships are further designed to assist new scientists to direct their research efforts across traditional disciplinary lines and to avail themselves of unique research resources, sites, and facilities, including at foreign locations. This postdoctoral fellowship award supports interdisciplinary research that draws on statistical and mixed method approaches in collaboration with community groups in two large consolidated settlements. The fellowship will significantly advance the professional training of the postdoctoral fellow, due to the mentorship provided by two exceptional scholars at the University of Texas at Austin whose pioneering work has been instrumental to urban planning, development, and sustainability studies in Texas and the urban Global South.The study will (1) identify the factors that informal settlement residents, planners, architects, and policy makers believe contribute to successful development; (2) apply criteria to a participatory post-occupancy evaluation of the processes and outcomes of four development typologies shared by the two settlements; and (3) input data findings to a parametric framework through which to test possible community development outcomes. The combined use of assessment criteria, evaluation, and the parametric tool offer significant potential to: (1) synthesize the efforts undertaken by diverse actors and institutions involved in development; (2) increase citizen participation and project equity; (3) visualize the fusion of policy goals and diverse user needs; and (4), better align the goals and actual achievements of policies that guide urban development. The study advances current research by (1) contributing to urban planning's emerging interest in the relational analysis of social and spatial data; (2) producing a modifiable, participatory framework for evaluating development impacts and applying data to concrete outcomes; and (3) exploring how to practically transform the development of informal settlements from a housing-centric, expert-driven enterprise to an evidence-based platform that increases citizen participation and addresses the multiple risks that afflict cities in the developing world. The broader impacts of this research include the empowerment of community groups with data development and its application to graphic formats that can visualize, and thus help to catalyze, long-term change. Furthermore, the parametric framework facilitates a common, data driven language through which community groups, planners, architects, and policy makers can test and discuss possible future development scenarios.

社会、行为和经济科学司提供博士后研究奖学金，为最近的博士毕业生提供获得额外培训的机会，在知名科学家的赞助下获得研究经验，并扩大他们在本科和研究生训练之外的科学视野。博士后奖学金的进一步设计是为了帮助新科学家指导他们跨越传统学科线的研究工作，并利用他们自己独特的研究资源、地点和设施，包括在国外的研究地点。该博士后奖学金奖励支持跨学科研究，这些研究利用统计和混合方法方法与两个大型合并定居点的社区团体合作。由于德克萨斯大学奥斯汀分校的两位杰出学者提供了指导，该奖学金将大大促进博士后的专业培训，他们的开创性工作对德克萨斯州和全球南方城市的城市规划、发展和可持续性研究起到了重要作用。该研究将(1)确定非正式住区居民、规划师、建筑师和政策制定者认为有助于成功发展的因素；(2)对两个聚落共有的四种发展类型的过程和结果进行参与式使用后评估；(3)将数据发现输入参数框架，通过该框架测试可能的社区发展结果。综合使用评估标准、评价和参数化工具提供了巨大的潜力：(1)综合参与发展的不同参与者和机构所做的努力；(2)提高公民参与度和项目公平性；(3)可视化政策目标与多样化用户需求的融合；(4)加强城市发展政策目标与实际成效的对接。该研究通过以下方式推进了当前的研究：(1)促进了城市规划对社会和空间数据关系分析的兴趣；(2)制定可修改的参与性框架，以评估发展影响并将数据应用于具体成果；(3)探索如何切实地将非正式住区的发展从以住房为中心、专家驱动的企业转变为以证据为基础的平台，增加公民参与，解决困扰发展中国家城市的多重风险。这项研究的更广泛影响包括授权社区团体进行数据开发，并将其应用于可以可视化的图形格式，从而有助于促进长期变化。此外，参数化框架促进了一种通用的、数据驱动的语言，通过这种语言，社区团体、规划者、建筑师和政策制定者可以测试和讨论可能的未来发展方案。