Beyond elastic rebound: extracting permanent strain from interseismic deformation

超越弹性回弹:从震间变形中提取永久应变

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1520266
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 12万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2015-07-15 至 2017-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

One of the main uses of GPS data in studying the boundaries of tectonic plates is to understand current rates for fault movements and understand how faults interact. This kind of understanding can all feed into a better assessment of earthquake hazards because it helps us better understand the longer term behavior of fault systems. The researchers in the project will try to reconcile two kinds of models, those that characterize single faults with those that look at long-term evolution of a full plate boundary. The results of this work have important implications for how fast plate boundaries are moving and how the ground around faults deforms over time. The work will use two examples, on in Taiwan, and the other in Southern California. Comparing and contrasting the two areas will improve overall understanding of earthquakes processes.The purpose of the proposed research is to develop dynamic models of geodetic data that extend traditional elastic models to include permanent deformation. The approach is to develop viscoelastic-plastic boundary element models in which the deforming crust is loaded by far-field stresses and faults slip and the surrounding crust deforms in response to the loads. They will employ geodetic data, stress state inferred from focal mechanism data, and geologic and thermochronologic data to constrain the deformation models. In Taiwan they will use the GPS-derived horizontal and vertical velocity fields, an island-wide leveling network, and stress orientations throughout the crust to address several key outstanding issues about the fault architecture responsible for mountain building processes in Taiwan. They will test several models of deep fault geometry and a proposed deep-seated underplating processfor uplifting the core of the mountain range. Model results will be compared with low-temperature thermochronology. In southern California the research will examine models of long-term deformation across the strike-slip fault system to determine the relative contributions of various pate-driving forces (plate boundary forces, gravitational potential energy, mantle drag) and compare predicted long-term fault slip rates with geologic slip rate estimates. They will focus on the important outstanding problem of the portion of deformation that occurs as off-fault inelastic yielding distribution through the crust versus deformation that is accommodated by slip on faults.
在研究构造板块边界时,GPS数据的主要用途之一是了解断层运动的当前速率以及断层如何相互作用。这种理解都有助于更好地评估地震的危险性,因为它有助于我们更好地了解断层系统的长期行为。该项目的研究人员将试图调和两种模型,一种是描述单个断层的模型,另一种是观察整个板块边界长期演化的模型。这项工作的结果对板块边界移动的速度以及断层周围的地面如何随时间变形具有重要意义。这项工作将使用两个例子,一个在台湾,另一个在南加州。比较和对比这两个区域将提高对地震过程的全面认识。提出的研究目的是发展动态模型的大地数据扩展传统的弹性模型,以包括永久变形。该方法是建立粘弹塑性边界元模型,其中变形地壳受到远场应力和断层滑动的载荷,周围地壳在载荷作用下发生变形。他们将利用大地测量数据、震源机制数据推断的应力状态以及地质和热年代学数据来约束变形模型。在台湾,他们将使用gps得到的水平和垂直速度场、全岛范围的水准网和整个地壳的应力方向来解决台湾造山过程中断层结构的几个关键突出问题。他们将测试几种深断层几何模型,以及一种被提议的隆起山脉核心的深层底板过程。模型结果将与低温热年代学进行比较。在南加州,该研究将检查走滑断层系统的长期变形模型,以确定各种驱动力量(板块边界力、重力势能、地幔阻力)的相对贡献,并将预测的长期断层滑动率与地质滑动率估计进行比较。他们将把重点放在重要的突出问题上,即发生在断层外的非弹性屈服分布的变形部分与断层上滑动所容纳的变形部分。

项目成果

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Kaj Johnson其他文献

Safer Sunscreens: Investigation of Naturally Derived UV Absorbers for Potential Use in Consumer Products
更安全的防晒霜:研究天然衍生的紫外线吸收剂在消费品中的潜在用途
Antifungal efficacy of octylgallate and 4-isopropyl-3-methylphenol for control of Aspergillus
没食子酸辛酯和 4-异丙基-3-甲基苯酚控制曲霉菌的抗真菌功效
  • DOI:
    10.7243/2052-6180-4-2
  • 发表时间:
    2016
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Jong H. Kim;W. Hart;K. Chan;Luisa W Cheng;W. Orts;Kaj Johnson
  • 通讯作者:
    Kaj Johnson
Predicting environmental biodegradability using initial rates: mineralization of cellulose, guar and their semisynthetic derivatives in wastewater and soil
使用初始速率预测环境生物降解性:废水和土壤中纤维素、瓜尔胶及其半合成衍生物的矿化
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2024
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.2
  • 作者:
    W. Hart;Nabeel Kalla;A. Klamczynski;Lennard Torres;G. Glenn;Julia Cunniffe;Kaj Johnson;W. Orts
  • 通讯作者:
    W. Orts

Kaj Johnson的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Kaj Johnson', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: GEMT: Bridging Multiple Time Scales of Erosion and Rock Uplift in Taiwan
合作研究:GEMT:弥合台湾侵蚀和岩石隆升的多个时间尺度
  • 批准号:
    2123412
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Toward an integrated modeling framework for physics-based estimates of megathrust rupture potential
合作研究:建立基于物理的巨型逆冲破裂潜力估计的综合建模框架
  • 批准号:
    2121631
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Vertical signatures of lithospheric deformation in the western US
合作研究:美国西部岩石圈变形的垂直特征
  • 批准号:
    2045291
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: RAPID: Using the M6.4-7.1 Ridgecrest, CA Earthquake sequence to test a postseismic stress evolution monitoring system
合作研究:RAPID:使用加利福尼亚州里奇克莱斯特 M6.4-7.1 地震序列测试震后应力演化监测系统
  • 批准号:
    1944292
  • 财政年份:
    2019
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Probing the frictional behavior of the Tohoku megathrust using GPS, seismicity, and physics-based models
合作研究:利用 GPS、地震活动和基于物理的模型探索东北巨型逆冲断层的摩擦行为
  • 批准号:
    1620507
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Geodetic Constraints on Moment Deficit and Physics-based Earthquake Cycle Models in the Source Region of the M 9 Tohoku, Japan Earthquake
合作研究:日本东北9级地震震源区矩差的大地测量约束和基于物理的地震周期模型
  • 批准号:
    1141832
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Kinematic and Dynamic Models of Actively Deforming Lithosphere of the Western US
美国西部岩石圈主动变形的运动学和动力学模型
  • 批准号:
    0952280
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Estimating Frictional Properties of Faults from Geodetic Data
根据大地测量数据估计断层的摩擦特性
  • 批准号:
    0911467
  • 财政年份:
    2009
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Utilizing GPS Measurements of Postseismic Deformation to Infer Spatial Distribution of Frictional Properties on Faults
合作研究:利用震后变形的 GPS 测量来推断断层摩擦特性的空间分布
  • 批准号:
    0635741
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Toward Dynamic Models of Contemporary Plate Boundary Deformation with Application to the Taiwan Collision Zone
当代板块边界变形动态模型及其在台湾碰撞带中的应用
  • 批准号:
    0609620
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 12万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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