III: Small: Scalable, Practical Deterministic Database Systems

该数据库系统是有史以来最早设计的高度并发系统之一，并已成为许多后续并发计算系统设计的蓝图。允许系统不确定地处理并发事务的决定导致了来自错误(和调试)、安全性、复制和一般代码复杂性的无数令人头疼的问题。由这笔赠款资助的研究将调查开发一种完全不同的设计，用于在数据库系统中并发执行事务，以保证数据库的最终状态是从系统的输入确定地规定的。这类数据库有可能显著提高数据库系统的吞吐量、延迟、容错性和总体健壮性。除了对确定性数据库系统进行基础研究外，我们还计划为系统的不同组件开发开放源代码，包括事务管理、并发控制和日志管理。我们希望这些代码将对其他数据库系统的开发有用，也可以作为数据库系统课程的教学工具。我们计划让本科生大量参与这项研究，包括女性和代表性不足的少数民族。项目中的关键研究领域包括自动读/写集检测(使确定性数据库系统实用并广泛采用的关键要求)，利用确定性实现的主动复制来加速分布式只读查询，从不确定组件中构建确定性系统，以及数据库系统中的工作线程调度。这些研究主题将使高吞吐量符合ACID的数据库系统能够扩展分布式事务的提交协议，支持同一系统中的执行事务和查询，并能够处理服务器性能(特别是云中的虚拟服务器)的剧烈波动和提供的工作负载的波动(包括意外的负载峰值)。欲了解更多信息，请访问项目网站：http://db.cs.yale.edu/calvin.

The database system was one of the first highly concurrent systems ever designed, and has served as a blueprint for the design of many subsequent concurrent computing systems. The decision to allow the system to process concurrent transactions nondeterministically has led to countless headaches from bugs (and debugging), security, replication, and general code complexity. The research funded by this grant will investigate the development of a fundamentally different design for concurrent execution of transactions in database systems that guarantees that the final state of the database is deterministically prescribed from the input to the system. Such databases have the potential to significantly improve the throughput, latency, fault tolerance, and general robustness of database systems. In addition to performing fundamental research on deterministic database systems, we plan to develop open source code for the different components of the system including transaction management, concurrency control, and log management. We expect this code will be useful both for development of other database systems, and also as pedagogical tools for database systems courses. We plan heavy undergraduate involvement in the research, including contributions from women and underrepresented minorities.Key research areas within the project include automatic read/write-set detection (a key requirement to making deterministic database systems practical and widely adopted), leveraging the active replication enabled by determinism to accelerate distributed read-only queries, building a deterministic system out of nondeterministic components, and worker thread scheduling within the database system. These research topics will enable a high-throughput ACID-compliant database system that can scale commit protocols for distributed transactions, the support of performant transactions and queries within the same system, and the ability to handle wild fluctuations in server performance (especially virtual servers in the cloud) and fluctuations in offered workload (including unexpected load spikes). For further information see the project web site at: http://db.cs.yale.edu/calvin.