III: Small: Peer-to-peer Database (P2PDB): A decentralized, scalable data sharing and management platform

该项目涉及设计和实施一个新的系统，称为对等数据库(P2PDB)，它将作为数据发布、共享和查询的分散平台。P2PDB使无限数量的独立参与者能够发布和访问存储在参与者中的数据集的内容。该系统将以类似于“万维网”实现非结构化数据的分散发布和访问的方式，在结构化数据上提供分散的发布和查询功能。然而，P2PDB与传统的万维网(以及建立对等结构化数据库系统的其他尝试)的不同之处在于，它为执行对整个系统的福祉至关重要的任务提供激励，包括贡献、集成、存储和处理数据，并强制参与者的良好行为。该项目包括参与美国每年在马里兰大学举办的最大规模的全女性黑客马拉松赛“Technica”的研究轨道，以及当地高中水平的计算机科学课程开发。该项目包括致力于几个具有挑战性的研究问题，这些问题源于一个架构假设，即任何实体都可以参与P2P数据库中数据的存储和处理。首先，面对恶意节点加入系统并在收到查询时故意损坏数据或返回不正确的结果，系统必须具有健壮性。这需要在查询核实、安全数据处理和分散的争端缓和等领域的研究工作。从规划的P2PDB体系结构中出现的另一个重要研究问题是在联合体系结构上的查询优化和执行，其中查询必须跨许多不同的实体执行，每个实体都有不同的服务级别保证和成本。这一奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

This project involves designing and implementing a new system, called Peer-to-peer Database (P2PDB), that will serve as a decentralized platform for data publishing, sharing, and querying of data. P2PDB enables an unlimited number of independent participants to publish and access the contents of datasets stored across the participants. The system will provide decentralized publishing and querying functionality over structured data in an analogous fashion to how the "world wide web" enables decentralized publishing and accessing of unstructured data. However, P2PDB differs from both the traditional world wide web (and also other attempts at building peer-to-peer structured database systems) in the way that it provides incentives for performing tasks that are critical to the well-being of the system as a whole, including contribution, integration, storing, and processing of data, and enforcing good behavior by the participants. This project includes involvement in the research track at "Technica," the largest all-female hackathon in the US hosted every year at the University of Maryland, and computer science curricular development at the local high school level.The project includes working on several challenging research problems that result from an architectural assumption that any entity may participate in the storage and processing of data in P2PDB. First, the system must be robust in the face of malicious nodes that join the system and intentionally corrupt data or return incorrect results upon receiving a query. This requires research effort in the areas of query verification, secure data processing, and decentralized dispute moderation. Another important research problem that emerges from the planned architecture of P2PDB is query optimization and execution over a federated architecture in which queries must be performed across many different entities, each with different service level guarantees and costs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.