Joint NSF/ERA-CAPS: Phytochrome Control of Resource Allocation and Growth in Arabidopsis and in Brassicaceae Crops

NSF/ERA-CAPS 联合：光敏色素对拟南芥和十字花科作物资源分配和生长的控制

• 批准号: 1539834
• 负责人: Jennifer Nemhauser
• 金额: $ 52.22万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-06-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1539834&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Joint; NSF; ERA; CAPS; Phytochrome

PI: Jennifer Nemhauser (University of Washington-Seattle)ERA-CAPS Collaborators: Karen Halliday (University of Edinburgh, Scotland, UK) and Mark Stitt (Max Planck Institute of Molecular Plant Physiology, Golm, Germany)For plants, light is a signal that carries information about the environment, and a source of energy for photosynthesis. Phytochromes are proteins that change activity when exposed to light, and, in turn, light-activated phytochromes direct many changes in plant cells, including massive re-programming of which genes are being turned on and which are being kept off. For example, phytochromes enable plants to detect nearby vegetation through subtle shifts in the quality of light hitting the plant cell. This light-activated surveillance mechanism initiates changes in plant architecture, biomass formation and the timing of reproduction, all traits that are strongly linked to crop yield. These changes in growth strategy require corresponding adjustments in resource deployment and yet little is known about how this is accomplished. This project will start to fill in this critical knowledge gap that will lead to new ideas for improving crop performance. With regard to outreach and training, this project will provide international research training opportunities for a diverse group of undergraduate and graduate students. In addition, the project will extend existing outreach efforts to include a yearly 12-week residency for a visual artist to develop new visualization tools for molecular genetic concepts, particularly those relating to agriculture and biofuels. This project builds on new research from the partner labs showing that cross talk between phytochrome and carbon signaling is central to C resource use efficiency and resource conservation. A principal aim will be to determine the role of phytochrome in C resource management. The project will also delineate the genetic basis and impact of shading-induced N re-allocation in canopies. This trait strongly impacts on N use efficiency and stand photosynthesis, and in many crops is closely linked to yield. The project will conduct a systematic study across scales, delivering mechanistic information about signal integration, time-resolved transcriptome and metabolite profiles, and quantitative information about biomass accumulation, defined as the flux of carbon to protein and cell wall components, and growth dynamics. The experimental findings will be integrated into models to test hypotheses and to gain understanding at a system level. An aim will be to build models that predict the dual action of phytochrome and photosynthesis on resource management and biomass production. The project will run parallel work programs in the reference species, Arabidopsis thaliana, and the closely related crop Brassica rapa. The rapid life cycle and larger resource pool of the reference species will accelerate knowledge acquisition. B. rapa brings the advantage of larger size, and allows new insights to be directly applied to a food crop. Results will be made broadly accessible through national and international meetings and through publications in leading international journals. All datasets will be accessible through the consortium website, as well as through long-term repositories that include but are not limited to the Biological Data Repository (BioDare; https://www.biodare.ed.ac.uk/) and the Plant Systems Biology Modelling (PlaSMo;http://www.plasmo.ed.ac.uk/) database. The consortium website will also serve to advertise the general aims and advances of this project with links to more general dissemination of information, including outreach targeted to non-scientists.

PI：詹妮弗·尼姆豪瑟（Jennifer Nemhauser）（华盛顿大学 - 座位）时代合作者：卡伦·哈利迪（Karen Halliday）（英国苏格兰爱丁堡大学）和马克·斯蒂特（Maks Planck Mark Stitt（Max Planck分子植物生理学，德国，德国）的植物，用于植物的植物，光是携带有关环境的信息，可用于环境和图片源的信息。植物色素是在暴露于光线时会改变活性的蛋白质，而光激活的植物色素导致植物细胞的许多变化，包括大规模重新编程哪些基因正在打开并保持关闭。例如，植物色素使植物能够通过击中植物细胞的光质量的细微变化来检测附近的植被。这种光激活的监视机制启动了植物建筑，生物量形成和繁殖时机的变化，这些特征与作物产量密切相关。这些增长策略的这些变化需要对资源部署进行相应的调整，但对于如何实现这一目标知之甚少。该项目将开始填补这个关键的知识差距，这将导致改善作物表现的新想法。 关于宣传和培训，该项目将为各种各样的本科生和研究生提供国际研究培训机会。 此外，该项目将扩展现有的外展工作，以包括年度为期12周的居住地，以供视觉艺术家开发新的可视化工具，以用于分子遗传概念，尤其是那些与农业和生物燃料有关的概念。该项目以合作伙伴实验室的新研究为基础，该研究表明，植物色素和碳信号之间的串扰是C资源使用效率和资源保护的核心。主要目的是确定植物色素在C资源管理中的作用。该项目还将描绘檐篷中阴影诱导的N重新分配的遗传基础和影响。这种特征对N使用效率和光合作用有很大的影响，并且在许多农作物中与产量紧密相关。该项目将跨尺度进行系统研究，提供有关信号整合，时间分辨转录组和代谢物概况的机械信息，以及有关生物量积累的定量信息，定义为碳对蛋白质和细胞壁成分的通量以及生长动力学。实验发现将集成到模型中，以检验假设并在系统级别获得理解。一个目的是建立模型，以预测植物色素和光合作用对资源管理和生物质生产的双重作用。该项目将在参考物种，拟南芥和密切相关的农作物甘蓝Rapa中运行平行的工作计划。参考物种的快速生命周期和较大的资源库将加速知识获取。 B. Rapa带来了更大尺寸的优势，并允许将新的见解直接应用于粮食作物上。 结果将通过国家和国际会议和领先的国际期刊的出版物广泛访问。所有数据集将可以通过联盟网站以及包括但不限于生物数据存储库（Biodare; https：//www.biodare.ed.ac.ac.ac.uk/）的长期存储库和植物系统生物学建模（Plasmo; http; http：//wwwww.pleasmo.ac.ac.ac.uk/）。 财团网站还将通过宣传该项目的一般目标和进步，链接到更普遍的信息传播，包括针对非科学家的外展。