Joint NSF/ERA-CAPS: INTREPID - INvestigating TRiticeae EPIgenomes for Domestication

NSF/ERA-CAPS 联合：INTREPID - 研究小麦科表观基因组用于驯化

• 批准号: 1541256
• 负责人: William McCombie
• 金额: $ 145.32万
• 依托单位: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-06-01 至 2019-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1541256&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Joint; NSF; ERA; CAPS; INTREPID

PI: W. Richard McCombie (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory)CoPI: Robert Martienssen (Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory) ERA-CAPS Collaborators: Anthony Hall (University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom), Klaus Mayer (Helmholtz-Zentrum Muenchen, Munich, Germany), and Michael Bevan (John Innes Centre, Norwich, United Kingdom)Wheat is one of the major food crops in the world and specifically in the United States. This project will take a comprehensive approach to define the epigenome of bread wheat, the functional consequences of epigenetic modifications, how the genome is re-shaped, stabilized and inherited in newly formed hybrids, and how the environment may influence patterns of epigenetic modification. These are fundamentally important questions in biology and are necessary for understanding trait variation in wheat hybrids. It is anticipated that this project will have broad impacts across three specific themes. The first of these relates to food security. Food security is an ever-increasing challenge in the face of factors such as urbanization and world population growth. One factor that significantly affects agricultural yields of bread wheat is the epigenetic regulation of high-yielding hybrid lines. A better understanding of this process will help others understand the basic processes involved in the creation and stabilization of hybrid lines and thus improve the efficiency at which they can be derived and contribute to food security. The second broad area where the work will have significant impacts is in the area of climate change. Understanding how changing climate affects epigenetic regulation of an important crop genome will likely have broad implications for the understanding of how agricultural yields will be challenged and can be modified to respond to changing climate. Lastly the project will have broad impact in the area of enhancing scientific education and understanding. Rapidly advancing science and technology presents a challenge in conveying a general understanding of that technology and the science behind it to the general public. This project will be used as a platform to better explain science to the general public using different and new educational tools. In addition to the training of students, the project will provide summer international exchange research training for graduate students associated with the US-EU consortium.Wheat is a polyploid arising from recent hybridization of goat grass (Aegilops tauschii, DD) with wild tetraploid emmer wheat (Triticum dicoccoides, AABB) to form hexaploid bread wheat (Triticum aestivum AABBDD). This process of hybridization is critical to achieving the high yields produced by modern wheat varieties. However, much is not understood about this process particularly in terms of how epigenetics regulates which parental line is expressed within the agriculturally significant hybrids. This project will generate information about the epigenetic regulation of the bread wheat genome and its role in the stabilization of the component genomes within the hybrids. One aim is to understand how epigenetic variation alters gene expression in hybrid wheat by identifying how epigenetic traits or epigenetic marks are set during hybridization in the formation of new wheat strains and how these are maintained in stable wheat hybrids to allow for high agricultural yields. It is the expectation that this project will provide a much better understanding of the molecular mechanisms related to epigenetics that are involved in the creation and stabilization of high-yielding hybrid wheat strains. All data produced will be freely and continuously shared within the consortium. Specifically, all datasets will be accessible through the iPlant Collaborative and European Bioinformatics Institute (EBI) as well as through publicly available data repositories including GenBank.

冷泉港实验室：Robert Martin enssen(冷泉港实验室)ERA-CAPS合作者：Anthony Hall(利物浦大学，英国)，Klaus Mayer(德国慕尼黑Helmholtz-Zentrum Muhenen)和Michael Bevan(John Innes Center，英国诺维奇)小麦是世界上，尤其是美国的主要粮食作物之一。这个项目将采用一种全面的方法来定义面包小麦的表观基因组，表观遗传修饰的功能后果，如何在新形成的杂交后代中重新塑造、稳定和遗传基因组，以及环境如何影响表观遗传修饰的模式。这些都是生物学上的重要问题，对于理解小麦杂交种的性状变异是必要的。预计该项目将对三个具体主题产生广泛影响。第一个问题与粮食安全有关。面对城市化和世界人口增长等因素，粮食安全是一个日益严峻的挑战。一个显著影响面包小麦农业产量的因素是高产杂交系的表观遗传调控。更好地了解这一过程将有助于其他人了解创造和稳定杂交品系所涉及的基本过程，从而提高衍生杂交品系和促进粮食安全的效率。这项工作将产生重大影响的第二个广泛领域是气候变化领域。了解气候变化如何影响重要作物基因组的表观遗传调控，可能会对理解农业产量将如何受到挑战以及如何进行修改以应对气候变化具有广泛的影响。最后，该项目将在加强科学教育和理解方面产生广泛影响。快速发展的科学和技术给向公众传达对这项技术及其背后的科学的一般理解带来了挑战。该项目将作为一个平台，利用不同的和新的教育工具，更好地向普通公众解释科学。除了培训学生外，该项目还将为与美国-欧盟财团有关的研究生提供夏季国际交流研究培训。小麦是最近将山羊草(Aegiloptauschii，DD)与野生四倍体二粒小麦(Triticum dicoccoides，AABB)杂交形成六倍体面包小麦(Triticum Aestivum AABBDD)的多倍体。这一杂交过程对于获得现代小麦品种的高产至关重要。然而，关于这一过程，特别是表观遗传学如何调节在农业上有意义的杂交后代中表达的亲本系，人们还不太了解。该项目将产生关于面包小麦基因组的表观遗传调控及其在杂交后代内组成基因组稳定中的作用的信息。一个目的是通过鉴定在形成新的小麦品系的杂交过程中如何设置表观遗传性状或表观遗传标记，以及如何在稳定的小麦杂交种中保持这些表观遗传性状或表观遗传标记，从而了解表观遗传变异如何改变杂交小麦的基因表达，从而实现农业高产。人们期望这个项目能够更好地理解与表观遗传学相关的分子机制，这些分子机制涉及到高产杂交小麦品系的创造和稳定。所有产生的数据将在联合体内自由和持续地共享。具体地说，所有数据集都将通过iPLANT协作和欧洲生物信息学研究所(EBI)以及包括GenBank在内的公开可用的数据库进行访问。