Joint NSF/ERA-CAPS: Al-UCIDATE - Towards A Molecular Understanding of Aluminum Genotoxicity for Crop Improvement

NSF/ERA-CAPS 联合项目：Al-UCIDATE——从分子角度理解铝基因毒性对作物改良的影响

• 批准号: 1539638
• 负责人: Paul Larsen
• 金额: $ 80万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1539638&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Joint; NSF; ERA; CAPS; Al

PI: Paul Larsen (University of California-Riverside) ERA-CAPS Collaborators: Lieven DeVeylder (Ghent University, Belgium), Arp Schnittger (Hamburg University, Germany) and Iwona Szarejko (University of Silensia-Katowice, Poland) Aluminum (Al) toxicity is an important limitation to worldwide crop production, occurring in upwards of 50% of the world's arable land. The most evident symptom and important consequence of Al toxicity is root growth inhibition on acidic soils. A prominent example is barley, which is one of the most important crops in temperate regions including Europe and North America. Barley is very sensitive to Al toxicity and yield losses of up to 30% have been associated with growth in acidic soils. It has been previously argued that Al toxicity was an intractable problem due to its apparent complexity. The goal of this project is to define the biochemical mechanism that underlies inhibition of root growth in Arabidopsis and barley following chronic exposure to Al. It is the expectation that an inclusive understanding of this novel process will enable the development of agricultural crop plants that can grow and thrive in the presence of Al. With regard to outreach and training, this project will provide research training opportunities for a diverse group of high school, undergraduate and graduate students from a range of ethnic and social backgrounds. Student training will be enhanced by international research exchanges and collaborations with colleagues from Belgium, Germany and Poland who lead the European ERA-CAPS (http://www.eracaps.org/) companion project entitled "Towards a molecular understanding of aluminium genotoxicity for crop improvement (Al-UCIDATE)". Finally, the project will provide a summer research training internship for a local high school teacher from a local school district that serves a significant Hispanic student population. Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the earth's crust. When found in acidic environments, Al converts to the highly toxic Al3+ form. While the mechanisms of Al exclusion from plants are relatively simple, little is known about the biochemical basis of Al toxicity and why Al leads to severe root growth inhibition with profound effects on yield. Recent work in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana has shown that Al may act as a genotoxic agent, with DNA damage caused by Al triggering a cell cycle checkpoint pathway that is regulated largely by the cell cycle checkpoint factor Ataxia telangiectasia mutated and RAD3-related (ATR). Specifically, mutations in ATR appear to confer substantial Al tolerance to the plant by suppressing cell cycle progression which forces terminal differentiation of the root in response to Al. The finding that Al acts as a DNA-stress inducing compound represents a new perspective on Al toxicity that bears further investigation. The goal of this project is to study this novel effect of Al on root growth in barley and Arabidopsis using a combination of transcriptomic, phylogenetic, genomic and phenotypic analyses. By developing a model by which root growth is halted following chronic exposure to Al, it is anticipated that the information will enable the exploitation of checkpoint control to confer Al tolerance to economically important crop plants. All data and resources generated through this project will be publicly accessible. Genome, sequence, and proteome datasets will be accessible through a consortium website and through publicly available data repositories that include ArrayExpress (www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress) and the PRIDE Archive (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pride/archive/) for proteomics data. Biological materials (seeds, plasmids, etc.) will be made available upon request. Seeds of key lines will also be deposited at and disseminated through the appropriate stock centers such as the Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center (ABRC) and Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Centre (NASC) for Arabidopsis lines.

主要研究者：Paul Larsen（University of California Riverside）ERA-CAPS合作者：Lieven DeVeylder（根特大学，比利时），阿普施尼特格（汉堡大学，德国）和Iwona Szarejko（锡伦西亚-卡托维兹大学，波兰）铝（Al）毒性是全球作物生产的重要限制因素，发生在世界上50%以上的可耕地上。在酸性土壤上，铝毒最明显的症状和重要后果是根系生长受到抑制。一个突出的例子是大麦，它是包括欧洲和北美在内的温带地区最重要的作物之一。大麦对铝毒非常敏感，在酸性土壤中生长，产量损失高达30%。以前有人认为，铝毒性是一个棘手的问题，由于其明显的复杂性。该项目的目标是确定拟南芥和大麦在长期暴露于铝后根生长抑制的生化机制。期望对这一新过程的全面理解将使农业作物植物能够在铝的存在下生长和茁壮成长。关于推广和培训，该项目将为来自不同种族和社会背景的高中生、本科生和研究生提供研究培训机会。将通过与比利时、德国和波兰的同事进行国际研究交流和合作来加强学生培训，这些同事领导欧洲ERA-CAPS（http：//www.eracaps.org/）题为“从分子上了解铝的遗传毒性以促进作物改良"的配套项目。最后，该项目将提供一个夏季研究培训实习，为当地高中教师从当地学区，服务于一个显着的西班牙裔学生人口。铝是地壳中最丰富的金属。当在酸性环境中发现时，Al转化为高毒性的Al 3+形式。虽然铝从植物中排除的机制是相对简单的，很少有人知道铝毒性的生化基础，为什么铝导致严重的根生长抑制，对产量产生深远的影响。最近在模式植物拟南芥中的工作表明，Al可能充当遗传毒性剂，由Al引起的DNA损伤触发细胞周期检查点途径，该途径主要由细胞周期检查点因子共济失调毛细血管扩张突变和RAD 3相关（ATR）调节。 具体而言，ATR突变似乎赋予大量的铝耐受性的植物通过抑制细胞周期的进展，迫使终端分化的根响应铝。铝作为一种DNA胁迫诱导化合物的发现，代表了一个新的角度来看，铝毒性，需要进一步调查。本项目的目的是研究铝对大麦和拟南芥根生长的这种新的影响，使用转录组学，系统发育，基因组和表型分析相结合。通过开发一个模型，根生长停止后，长期暴露于铝，预计该信息将使利用检查点控制赋予铝耐受性的经济上重要的作物植物。通过该项目产生的所有数据和资源都将向公众开放。基因组、序列和蛋白质组数据集将通过联盟网站和公开的数据库访问，包括ArrayExpress（www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress）和PRIDE Archive（http：//www.ebi.ac.uk/pride/archive/）的蛋白质组学数据。生物材料（种子、质粒等）将应要求提供。关键品系的种子也将存放在适当的储备中心并通过适当的储备中心传播，例如拟南芥生物资源中心（ABRC）和用于拟南芥品系的诺丁汉拟南芥储备中心（NASC）。