Joint NSF/ERA-CAPS: Al-UCIDATE - Towards A Molecular Understanding of Aluminum Genotoxicity for Crop Improvement

NSF/ERA-CAPS 联合项目：Al-UCIDATE——从分子角度理解铝基因毒性对作物改良的影响

• 批准号: 1539638
• 负责人: Paul Larsen
• 金额: $ 80万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-05-01 至 2021-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1539638&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Joint; NSF; ERA; CAPS; Al

PI: Paul Larsen (University of California-Riverside) ERA-CAPS Collaborators: Lieven DeVeylder (Ghent University, Belgium), Arp Schnittger (Hamburg University, Germany) and Iwona Szarejko (University of Silensia-Katowice, Poland) Aluminum (Al) toxicity is an important limitation to worldwide crop production, occurring in upwards of 50% of the world's arable land. The most evident symptom and important consequence of Al toxicity is root growth inhibition on acidic soils. A prominent example is barley, which is one of the most important crops in temperate regions including Europe and North America. Barley is very sensitive to Al toxicity and yield losses of up to 30% have been associated with growth in acidic soils. It has been previously argued that Al toxicity was an intractable problem due to its apparent complexity. The goal of this project is to define the biochemical mechanism that underlies inhibition of root growth in Arabidopsis and barley following chronic exposure to Al. It is the expectation that an inclusive understanding of this novel process will enable the development of agricultural crop plants that can grow and thrive in the presence of Al. With regard to outreach and training, this project will provide research training opportunities for a diverse group of high school, undergraduate and graduate students from a range of ethnic and social backgrounds. Student training will be enhanced by international research exchanges and collaborations with colleagues from Belgium, Germany and Poland who lead the European ERA-CAPS (http://www.eracaps.org/) companion project entitled "Towards a molecular understanding of aluminium genotoxicity for crop improvement (Al-UCIDATE)". Finally, the project will provide a summer research training internship for a local high school teacher from a local school district that serves a significant Hispanic student population. Aluminum is the most abundant metal in the earth's crust. When found in acidic environments, Al converts to the highly toxic Al3+ form. While the mechanisms of Al exclusion from plants are relatively simple, little is known about the biochemical basis of Al toxicity and why Al leads to severe root growth inhibition with profound effects on yield. Recent work in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana has shown that Al may act as a genotoxic agent, with DNA damage caused by Al triggering a cell cycle checkpoint pathway that is regulated largely by the cell cycle checkpoint factor Ataxia telangiectasia mutated and RAD3-related (ATR). Specifically, mutations in ATR appear to confer substantial Al tolerance to the plant by suppressing cell cycle progression which forces terminal differentiation of the root in response to Al. The finding that Al acts as a DNA-stress inducing compound represents a new perspective on Al toxicity that bears further investigation. The goal of this project is to study this novel effect of Al on root growth in barley and Arabidopsis using a combination of transcriptomic, phylogenetic, genomic and phenotypic analyses. By developing a model by which root growth is halted following chronic exposure to Al, it is anticipated that the information will enable the exploitation of checkpoint control to confer Al tolerance to economically important crop plants. All data and resources generated through this project will be publicly accessible. Genome, sequence, and proteome datasets will be accessible through a consortium website and through publicly available data repositories that include ArrayExpress (www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress) and the PRIDE Archive (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pride/archive/) for proteomics data. Biological materials (seeds, plasmids, etc.) will be made available upon request. Seeds of key lines will also be deposited at and disseminated through the appropriate stock centers such as the Arabidopsis Biological Resource Center (ABRC) and Nottingham Arabidopsis Stock Centre (NASC) for Arabidopsis lines.

首席研究员：Paul Larsen（加州大学河滨分校） ERA-CAPS 合作者：Lieven DeVeylder（比利时根特大学）、Arp Schnittger（德国汉堡大学）和 Iwona Szarejko（波兰卡托维兹锡伦西亚大学） 铝 (Al) 毒性是全球作物生产的一个重要限制因素，全球 50% 以上的耕地都存在铝毒性。铝毒性最明显的症状和重要后果是酸性土壤上的根系生长抑制。一个突出的例子是大麦，它是欧洲和北美等温带地区最重要的农作物之一。大麦对铝的毒性非常敏感，在酸性土壤中生长会造成高达 30% 的产量损失。此前有人认为，铝毒性因其明显的复杂性而成为一个棘手的问题。该项目的目标是确定长期暴露于铝后抑制拟南芥和大麦根系生长的生化机制。人们期望对这一新过程的全面理解将能够开发出能够在铝存在下生长和繁盛的农作物。在推广和培训方面，该项目将为来自不同种族和社会背景的高中生、本科生和研究生提供研究培训机会。学生培训将通过与来自比利时、德国和波兰的同事的国际研究交流和合作得到加强，这些同事领导了欧洲 ERA-CAPS (http://www.eracaps.org/) 配套项目，题为“从分子角度理解铝基因毒性以促进作物改良 (Al-UCIDATE)”。最后，该项目将为当地学区的一名当地高中教师提供暑期研究培训实习机会，该学区为大量西班牙裔学生提供服务。铝是地壳中最丰富的金属。当在酸性环境中发现时，Al 会转化为剧毒的 Al3+ 形式。虽然植物排除铝的机制相对简单，但人们对铝毒性的生化基础以及为什么铝会导致严重的根部生长抑制并对产量产生深远影响知之甚少。最近在模式植物拟南芥中的研究表明，Al 可能充当基因毒剂，Al 引起的 DNA 损伤会触发细胞周期检查点途径，该途径主要受细胞周期检查点因子共济失调毛细血管扩张突变和 RAD3 相关 (ATR) 的调节。 具体来说，ATR 中的突变似乎通过抑制细胞周期进程赋予植物显着的 Al 耐受性，从而迫使根响应 Al 进行终末分化。铝作为一种 DNA 应激诱导化合物的发现代表了铝毒性的新视角，值得进一步研究。该项目的目标是结合转录组学、系统发育、基因组和表型分析来研究铝对大麦和拟南芥根系生长的这种新影响。通过开发一种在长期暴露于铝后根部生长停止的模型，预计该信息将能够利用检查点控制来赋予经济上重要的作物植物铝耐受性。通过该项目生成的所有数据和资源都将可供公开访问。基因组、序列和蛋白质组数据集将可通过联盟网站和公开数据存储库访问，其中包括用于蛋白质组数据的 ArrayExpress (www.ebi.ac.uk/arrayexpress) 和 PRIDE Archive (http://www.ebi.ac.uk/pride/archive/)。生物材料（种子、质粒等）将根据要求提供。关键品系的种子也将存放在适当的库存中心并通过这些中心传播，例如拟南芥生物资源中心（ABRC）和诺丁汉拟南芥品系中心（NASC）。