PIRE: International Program for the Advancement of Neurotechnology (IPAN)

这个名为“国际神经技术发展计划（IPAN）”的项目旨在了解大脑的复杂性和神秘性。许多人认为这是本世纪最大的科学挑战。在这个国际神经技术发展计划（IPAN）中，研究人员正在创建一个研究大脑活动的整体系统，通过将领先的神经技术专家的硬件与领先的神经科学家的新软件紧密结合起来。实现这种大规模合作应该会加快神经科学的发现速度。这反过来将为改善神经系统疾病的治疗方法铺平道路，并在未来十年实现人工智能的突破。PIRE团队还将为本科生提供高级教育机会，其明确目的是招募未来的美国STEM（科学、技术、工程和数学）研究人员。研究生和博士后也将参加神经科学和神经技术实验室之间独特的交叉训练计划。由此产生的经验将为新一代全球互联的多学科工程师和科学家做好准备，同时推动神经技术的关键进步。IPAN是领先的神经科学家和技术专家的明确合作伙伴关系，旨在开发和提供硬件和软件系统，从根本上简化神经科学家的能力，以(i)识别记录的神经元类型，（ii）重建局部神经回路，以及（iii）以细胞特异性靶向方式提供仿生或合成输入。该项目团队包括密歇根大学、纽约大学、霍华德休斯医学研究所、波多黎各大学、弗莱堡大学、汉堡-埃彭多夫大学、韩国科学技术研究院、新加坡？伦敦大学学院微电子学研究所。互补的优势、世界一流的基础设施和强大的学生交换项目是这个IPAN团队的重要组成部分，主要集中在技术、神经科学和教育领域。满足这三个系统目标（i-iii）的使能技术将是下一代神经探针，配备新型光电器件、高密度记录接口和低噪声多路数字输出。神经科学的重点将有助于从一开始就定义这项技术，并正在开发新的软件工具来加速对大型神经生理学数据集的分析。该团队包括领先的系统神经科学家，他们在记忆、感觉、恐惧和发展方面具有独特的能力，并将与技术专家合作，在独特的神经科学应用中验证技术和软件工具。

This project entitled "International Program for the Advancement of Neurotechnology (IPAN)" is about understanding the complexity and mysteries of the brain. It is cited by many as the biggest scientific challenge of this century. In this International Program for the Advancement of Neurotechnology (IPAN), the researchers are creating a holistic system for studying brain activity by closely integrating hardware from leading neurotechnologists with novel software from leading neuroscientists. Enabling this large-scale collaboration should accelerate the rate of discovery in neuroscience. This in turn will pave the way to improved treatments for neurological disorders and to breakthroughs in artificial intelligence in the next decade. The PIRE team will also provide advanced educational opportunities for undergraduates with the express purpose of recruiting future U.S. STEM (science, technology, engineering and mathematics) researchers. Graduate students and postdocs will also be enrolled in a unique cross-training program between neuroscience and neurotechnology laboratories. The resulting experience will prepare a new generation of globally-connected multi-disciplinary engineers and scientists while driving critical advances in neurotechnology.IPAN is an explicit partnership of leading neuroscientists and technologists to develop and deliver a hardware and software system that fundamentally simplifies the ability of a neuroscientist to (i) identify recorded neuron types, (ii) reconstruct local neural circuits, and (iii) deliver biomimetic or synthetic inputs in a cell-specific targeted manner. This project teams the University of Michigan, New York University, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and the University of Puerto Rico with the University of Freiburg, the University of Hamburg-Eppendorf, the Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Singapore?s Institute for Microelectronics, and University College London. Complementary strengths, world-class infrastructures, and strong student exchange programs are an important part of this IPAN team, with major thrusts in Technology, Neuroscience, and Education. The enabling technology to meet these three system goals (i-iii) will be next-generation neural probes equipped with novel optoelectronics, high-density recording interfaces, and low-noise multiplexed digital outputs. The neuroscience thrust will help define the technology from the onset and are developing novel software tools to accelerate the analysis of large neurophysiological data sets. The team includes leading system neuroscientists with unique capabilities specializing in memory, sensory, fear, and development, and will work with technologists to validate both the technology and the software tools in distinctive neuroscience applications.