EAGER: Evaporation of mucosalivary fluid in the context of disease transmission

EAGER：疾病传播背景下粘膜唾液蒸发

• 批准号: 1546990
• 负责人: Lydia Bourouiba
• 金额: $ 11.96万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-01 至 2017-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1546990&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Evaporation; mucosalivary; fluid; context

1546990(Bourouiba)This is a proposal to study the dispersion and evaporation of biologiocal fluids that are violently emitted (as in sneezing and coughing). These fluids play an important role in pathogen propagation and the spreading out of disease through the air and through systems for circulating air in buildings and vehicles.The proposed research will explore the role played by fluid dynamics in disease transmission. The problems examined involve several fluid dynamics problems, including multiphase flows, turbulent flows, small-scale surface tension dominated flows and elastic complex and non-Newtonian flows. The proposed research will specifically examine, with detailed experimental measurements, the differences between the evaporation processes of mucsoalivary fluid droplets ejected during violent expirations in the form of droplets and those of water droplets. It is also proposed to investigate how the ejection mechanism of the mucosalivary fluid droplets in dense sneeze or cough suspensions affects their evaporation process when compared to their evaporation in isolation or dilute suspensions. Fundamental physical laws and mathematical modeling will be used to gain insights with general applicability for several diseases. Results from this research might lead to the development of a new area of research altogether: the area between rigorous fluid dynamics and mathematical modeling of epidemiology. Mentoring of students is proposed, while the PI and her team will also reach out to the MIT Museum in Cambridge for the development of activities that target the public.

1546990(布鲁伊巴)这是一项研究猛烈排放(如打喷嚏和咳嗽)的生物局部液体的扩散和蒸发的建议。这些流体在病原体的繁殖和通过空气以及建筑物和车辆的空气循环系统传播疾病方面发挥着重要作用。拟议的研究将探索流体动力学在疾病传播中所起的作用。所研究的问题涉及几个流体动力学问题，包括多相流、湍流、小尺度表面张力主导的流动以及弹性复杂和非牛顿流动。拟议的研究将通过详细的实验测量，具体审查在剧烈呼气时以液滴形式喷射的许多不同液滴与水滴在蒸发过程中的差异。还建议研究浓密喷嚏或止咳悬浮液中粘膜唾液液滴的喷射机制与其在隔离或稀释悬浮液中的蒸发相比如何影响其蒸发过程。基本的物理定律和数学模型将被用来获得对几种疾病普遍适用的见解。这项研究的结果可能会导致一个新的研究领域的发展：介于严格的流体动力学和流行病学数学模型之间的领域。建议对学生进行指导，而PI和她的团队还将联系剑桥的麻省理工学院博物馆，开展针对公众的活动。