GRC Fluids and Health 2022: Fluids in Disease Transmission and Contamination

GRC 流体与健康 2022：疾病传播和污染中的流体

• 批准号: 2240769
• 负责人: Lydia Bourouiba
• 金额: $ 3万
• 依托单位: Gordon Research Conferences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2023-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2240769&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: GRC; Fluids; Health; 2022; Disease

The COVID-19 pandemic has demonstrated how a respiratory pathogen that emerged in one part of the world can quickly spread globally, paralyze entire economies, and bring local and national healthcare delivery systems to the brink of collapse. Early successes in the use of non-medical interventions to reduce the spread of COVID-19 have highlighted the need for efficient and cost-effective technologies and solutions to mitigate and prevent the spread and transmission of respiratory pathogens in the built environment including residential/commercial buildings, schools, and healthcare/recreational facilities. However, a fundamental understanding of the transmission and spread of respiratory pathogens in the built environment and communities has remained elusive. The proposed Gordon Research Conference (GRC) will be devoted to the critical and important topic of “Fluids in Disease Transmission and Contamination.” The GRC will bring together a group of experts and stakeholders from a broad range of disciplines and fields including fluid dynamics, environmental engineering, applied and computational mathematics, epidemiology, microbiology, virology, and public health. The conference will provide a unique forum for scientific, engineering, and public health communities that rarely meet or interact to discuss and assess the current level of understanding of the fluid dynamics and multiphase transport of pathogen and disease transmission along with its public health implications. This NSF award will enable the conference organizers to broaden participation to the GRC by providing travel grants (including registration costs) to early career researchers including women, junior faculty, post-doctoral researchers, and students from underrepresented groups. The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted critical knowledge gaps in the fundamental understanding of the fluid dynamics and multiphase transport of pathogen and disease transmission. Pathogens are transported in fluid phases – air, water, and biological fluids including blood and saliva. In addition, fluid dynamics and multiphase transport play key roles in the design and implementation of efficient and cost-effective pathogen decontamination technologies. Yet, limited research has been devoted to the fluid dynamics and multiphase transport of pathogen and disease transmission in the built environment and communities. The proposed 5-day Gordon Research Conference (GRC) on “Fluids in Disease Transmission and Contamination” will be held in August 14-18, 2022, at Mount Holyoke College (MA). The conference will bring together a group of scientists, engineers, clinicians, public health researchers, and infection control practitioners at various stages of their careers and provide them with a forum to discuss the science, engineering, and healthcare implications of the fluid dynamics and multiphase transport/physics of pathogen and disease transmission. The conference program and discussion will be structured around nine sessions including an introductory session entitled “Front-line challenges in the prevention, control, and modelling of emerging infectious diseases and contamination” (Session 1), a session devoted to “Interfacial flows in contamination/decontamination: Surface-fluid interaction, fragmentation, droplets, and their phase change” (Session 7), and a session devoted to “Spillovers, transmission ecology and animal models, viral and bacterial diseases” (Session 8).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

COVID-19大流行表明，在世界某个地区出现的呼吸道病原体可以迅速传播到全球，使整个经济陷入瘫痪，并使地方和国家的医疗保健系统濒临崩溃。使用非医疗干预措施减少COVID-19传播的早期成功凸显了对高效和具有成本效益的技术和解决方案的需求，以减轻和防止呼吸道病原体在建筑环境中的传播和传播，包括住宅/商业建筑，学校和医疗保健/娱乐设施。然而，对呼吸道病原体在建筑环境和社区中的传播和传播的基本了解仍然难以捉摸。拟议中的戈登研究会议（GRC）将致力于“疾病传播和污染中的液体”这一关键和重要的主题。GRC将汇集来自广泛学科和领域的专家和利益相关者，包括流体动力学，环境工程，应用和计算数学，流行病学，微生物学，病毒学和公共卫生。会议将为科学，工程和公共卫生社区提供一个独特的论坛，这些社区很少会面或互动，以讨论和评估当前对病原体和疾病传播的流体动力学和多相运输的理解水平，以及其公共卫生影响沿着。这个NSF奖项将使会议组织者能够通过向早期职业研究人员提供旅行赠款（包括注册费用）来扩大对GRC的参与，包括女性，初级教师，博士后研究人员和代表性不足的学生。2019冠状病毒病大流行凸显了对病原体和疾病传播的流体动力学和多相运输的基本理解方面的关键知识差距。病原体在流体相中运输-空气，水和生物流体，包括血液和唾液。此外，流体动力学和多相输送在设计和实施高效且具有成本效益的病原体去污技术方面发挥着关键作用。然而，对建筑环境和社区中病原体和疾病传播的流体动力学和多相输送的研究有限。拟议的为期5天的戈登研究会议（GRC）关于“疾病传播和污染中的液体”将于2022年8月14日至18日在霍利奥克山学院（MA）举行。会议将汇集一组科学家，工程师，临床医生，公共卫生研究人员和感染控制从业人员在他们的职业生涯的各个阶段，并为他们提供一个论坛，讨论科学，工程和医疗保健的影响流体动力学和多相运输/病原体和疾病传播的物理学。会议计划和讨论将围绕九个部分进行，包括题为“预防，控制和模拟新出现的传染病和污染的前线挑战”的介绍性会议（第1次会议），专门讨论“污染/去污中的界面流：表面-流体相互作用、破碎、液滴及其相变”（第7次会议），以及一次专门讨论“溢出，传播生态学和动物模型，该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。