The becoming of fathers and mothers. Gender (de)differentiation in prenatal parenthood II

这一分项目分析了私人生活领域的性别差异进程。它关注伴侣关系的一个特定阶段，即怀孕前和怀孕期间向为人父母的过渡。核心问题是“母亲”和“父亲”角色出生后的分化是如何植根于怀孕期间的。性别和育儿之间是如何联系在一起的，又是什么时候联系在一起的？在项目第一阶段分析了(传统和后传统)异性伴侣劳动分工中重新传统的因素后，项目第二阶段在两个方面跟进其核心问题：一方面，我们的调查将扩展到怀孕的背景，即怀孕，因为它处于夫妇关系和历史的背景下，另一方面，调查父母职位(母亲和父亲)的性别。为此，我们将分析五种不同的关系星座：我们的主要重点是女同性恋者和男同性恋者，而接受生育治疗的夫妇、单亲母亲和变性父母被观察并作为比较案例考虑。通过这种不同性别的研究设计，该分项目旨在探索在组建家庭过程中的性别归因机制。在什么情况下，性别与为人父母有关，什么时候性别冷漠的父母承诺会超过它？

This sub-project analyses processes of gender differentiation in the field of private life. It focuses on a specific phase of partner relationships, namely the transition to parenthood before and during a pregnancy. The central question is how the postnatal differentiation of the roles "mother" and "father" is rooted in the time of pregnancy. How and when, if at all, are doing gender and doing parenting linked or disassociated? After having analysed factors of re-traditionalisation in the division of labour of (traditional and post-traditional) heterosexual couples in the first phase of the project, the second phase of the project follows up on its central question in two respects: On the one hand, our inquiry will be extended to the background of the pregnancy, i.e. to the pregnancy as it is situated in the context of the couples relationship and history, and on the other hand, to the gendering of parental positions (mother and father). To this end, we will analyse five variations of constellations of relationships: Our main focus lies on lesbian and gay couples, while couples in fertility treatment, single-mothers and transsexual parents are observed and taken into account as comparative cases. By means of this gender varying research design, the sub-project aims at exploring the mechanisms of gender attribution in the process of starting a family. Under which circumstances is gender relevant to parenthood and when is it outweighed by gender indifferent parental commitment?