The becoming of fathers and mothers. Gender (de)differentiation in prenatal parenthood II

这个子项目分析了私人生活领域的性别分化过程。它侧重于伴侣关系的一个特定阶段，即怀孕前和怀孕期间向父母的过渡。核心问题是“母亲”和“父亲”角色的产后分化是如何植根于怀孕时期的。如果有的话，性别和养育子女是如何以及何时联系在一起的？在项目的第一阶段分析了（传统和后传统）异性恋夫妇劳动分工中的再传统化因素后，项目的第二阶段在两个方面跟进其核心问题：一方面，我们的调查将扩展到怀孕的背景，即怀孕，因为它是在夫妻关系和历史的背景下，另一方面，到父母的性别地位（母亲和父亲）。为此，我们将分析五种关系星座的变化：我们的主要重点是女同性恋和男同性恋夫妇，而生育治疗中的夫妇，单身母亲和变性父母则被观察并作为比较案例加以考虑。通过这种性别差异的研究设计，子项目旨在探索家庭建立过程中的性别归因机制。在什么情况下，性别与父母关系相关？何时，性别与父母责任无关？

This sub-project analyses processes of gender differentiation in the field of private life. It focuses on a specific phase of partner relationships, namely the transition to parenthood before and during a pregnancy. The central question is how the postnatal differentiation of the roles "mother" and "father" is rooted in the time of pregnancy. How and when, if at all, are doing gender and doing parenting linked or disassociated? After having analysed factors of re-traditionalisation in the division of labour of (traditional and post-traditional) heterosexual couples in the first phase of the project, the second phase of the project follows up on its central question in two respects: On the one hand, our inquiry will be extended to the background of the pregnancy, i.e. to the pregnancy as it is situated in the context of the couples relationship and history, and on the other hand, to the gendering of parental positions (mother and father). To this end, we will analyse five variations of constellations of relationships: Our main focus lies on lesbian and gay couples, while couples in fertility treatment, single-mothers and transsexual parents are observed and taken into account as comparative cases. By means of this gender varying research design, the sub-project aims at exploring the mechanisms of gender attribution in the process of starting a family. Under which circumstances is gender relevant to parenthood and when is it outweighed by gender indifferent parental commitment?