CAREER: Forest-atmosphere interactions in an era of fire and drought

职业：火灾和干旱时代森林与大气的相互作用

• 批准号: 1553049
• 负责人: Tara Hudiburg
• 金额: $ 65.32万
• 依托单位: Regents of the University of Idaho
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-04-01 至 2021-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1553049&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Forest; atmosphere; interactions; era

Forests store the most carbon of any terrestrial ecosystem and capture ~20% of U.S. fossil fuel emissions annually through uptake of carbon dioxide. Drought and wildfire caused by changing precipitation patterns, increased temperatures, increased fuel loads, and decades of fire suppression are reducing forest carbon uptake from local to continental scales. This trend is especially widespread in Idaho and the intermountain west and has important implications for climate change and forest management options. Given the key role of forests in climate regulation, understanding forest responses to disturbance and the feedbacks to the atmosphere is a key research and policy-relevant priority in the U.S. and elsewhere. As temperature, fire, and precipitation regimes continue to change and influence forest mortality, there is a growing potential role for drought and fire mitigation efforts such as forest thinning. This research will evaluate the climate impacts of restoration thinning, a forest management activity aimed at reducing drought- and fire-related mortality, by combining new experimental plot data and earth system modeling. This project has three main goals: 1) quantify the spatial and temporal impacts of thinning on net regional greenhouse gas emissions and climate, 2) evaluate the impact of thinning on forest resilience to drought and disturbance, and 3) contribute to education of students and teachers about the role of forests in climate regulation.By integrating novel, field-based technology, existing datasets, and state-of-the-art earth system modeling, this research will yield scientific insights into both climatic and management controls on tree growth as well as forest-atmosphere gas exchange in the mixed conifer forests of the Rocky Mountains in Idaho. The project objectives will advance the current understanding of how disturbance impacts forest carbon, water, and energy balance at time steps from minutes to years, which is crucial for earth system model development and evaluation. Improved earth system modeling and existing long-term ecological research data will be used to make predictions of forest-atmosphere interactions for the intermountain west over the 21st century. This will improve policy-relevant understanding of forest management practices and forest climate regulation. Additionally, this project will contribute to science education. Students and educators will be actively engaged in climate and forest science research through collection and sharing of data and will learn how forests capture and release carbon dioxide, and how these processes influence climate.

森林储存了任何陆地生态系统中最多的碳，每年通过吸收二氧化碳捕获约20%的美国化石燃料排放。由降水模式变化、气温升高、燃料负荷增加和数十年的灭火造成的干旱和野火正在减少从地方到大陆规模的森林碳吸收。 这一趋势在爱达荷州和山间西部尤为普遍，对气候变化和森林管理方案具有重要意义。鉴于森林在气候调节中的关键作用，了解森林对干扰的反应和对大气的反馈是美国和其他地方的一个关键研究和政策相关优先事项。随着温度、火灾和降水状况的不断变化和对森林死亡率的影响，减少干旱和火灾的努力，如森林间伐，具有越来越大的潜在作用。这项研究将评估恢复间伐的气候影响，这是一项旨在减少干旱和火灾相关死亡率的森林管理活动，通过结合新的实验区数据和地球系统建模。 该项目有三个主要目标：1）量化间伐对区域温室气体净排放和气候的空间和时间影响，2）评估间伐对森林对干旱和干扰的恢复力的影响，3）促进对学生和教师进行关于森林在气候调节中的作用的教育。通过整合新的基于实地的技术，现有的数据集，和国家的最先进的地球系统建模，这项研究将产生科学的见解，气候和管理控制树木生长以及森林大气气体交换在落基山脉的混合针叶林在爱达荷州。该项目的目标将促进目前的理解如何干扰影响森林碳，水和能量平衡的时间步长从分钟到年，这是地球系统模型的开发和评估的关键。改进的地球系统模型和现有的长期生态研究数据将用于预测世纪西部山区森林-大气相互作用。这将提高对森林管理做法和森林气候调节的政策相关理解。此外，该项目将有助于科学教育。学生和教育工作者将通过收集和分享数据积极参与气候和森林科学研究，并将了解森林如何捕获和释放二氧化碳，以及这些过程如何影响气候。

项目成果

Restoration Thinning in a Drought‐Prone Idaho Forest Creates a Persistent Carbon Deficit

干旱易发的爱达荷州森林中的恢复间伐造成了持续的碳赤字

• DOI: 10.1029/2020jg005815
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
• 作者: Stenzel, J. E.;Berardi, D. M.;Walsh, E. S.;Hudiburg, T. W.
• 通讯作者: Hudiburg, T. W.

Vulnerability of northern rocky mountain forests under future drought, fire, and harvest

• DOI: 10.3389/ffgc.2023.1146033
• 发表时间: 2023-09-12
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN FORESTS AND GLOBAL CHANGE
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Stenzel，Jeffrey E.;Kolden，Crystal A.;Hudiburg，Tara W.
• 通讯作者: Hudiburg，Tara W.

Fixing a snag in carbon emissions estimates from wildfires

• DOI: 10.1111/gcb.14716
• 发表时间: 2019-07
• 期刊: Global Change Biology
• 影响因子: 11.6
• 作者: J. Stenzel;K. Bartowitz;M. Hartman;J. Lutz;C. Kolden;A. Smith;B. Law;M. Swanson;A. Larson;W. Parton;T. Hudiburg

Meeting GHG reduction targets requires accounting for all forest sector emissions

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/ab28bb
• 发表时间: 2019-09-01
• 期刊: ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: Hudiburg, Tara W.;Law, Beverly E.;Stenzel, Jeffrey E.
• 通讯作者: Stenzel, Jeffrey E.

An integration framework for linking avifauna niche and forest landscape models

连接鸟类生态位和森林景观模型的集成框架

• DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0217299
• 发表时间: 2019
• 期刊: PLOS ONE
• 影响因子: 3.7
• 作者: Walsh, Eric S.;Hudiburg, Tara;Pickell, Paul
• 通讯作者: Pickell, Paul