CAREER: Well-Defined Hybrid Materials as a Versatile Tool to Study Energy Transfer Processes

职业：定义明确的混合材料作为研究能量转移过程的多功能工具

• 批准号: 1553634
• 负责人: Natalia Shustova
• 金额: $ 62.5万
• 依托单位: University of South Carolina at Columbia
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-03-01 至 2022-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1553634&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Well; Defined; Hybrid; Materials

Non-Technical AbstractOne of the main challenges facing humanity in the 21st century is the supply of secure and sustainable energy, of which consumption will only continue to grow as the human population increases. This project tackles the engineering and design of well-defined hybrid materials, which could be applied towards effective solar energy utilization. Metal-organic crystalline materials produced by self-assembly could enable us to reach these goals and, thereby, affect the state of future energy generation and storage. This project also integrates the development of the Carolinian Women in Science (Wi-Sci) Supportive Network, which addresses the workforce demand in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics (STEM). The proposed Wi-Sci initiative integrates educational and research opportunities for female students in STEM disciplines by establishing intercollegiate scientific exchanges and collaborations, providing and promoting multidisciplinary research opportunities for female scientists in different research groups, and organizing educational workshops focused on attraction and retention of women in the STEM disciplines. The major goal of the Wi-Sci initiative is to create and grow a network of support at more than 60 Carolinian institutions of higher education, including 20 historically black colleges and universities, and, therefore, increase opportunities for women to occupy at least 50% of the new positions projected for STEM disciplines in the Carolinas.Technical AbstractEnergy transfer in a predesigned pathway is an emerging field of interest for a broad scientific community and required for the development of the next generation of solar cells, photocatalysts, sensors, light-emitting diodes, and switches. With support from the Solid State and Materials Chemistry program in the Division of Materials Research and the Chemical Structure, Dynamics and Mechanisms B program in the Division of Chemistry, the major goal of this project is the preparation of crystalline hybrid materials with a predesigned pathway for energy transfer that significantly enhance energy utilization efficiency and, thereby, drastically modify the existing energy and material landscape. The advantages of utilizing the proposed materials for energy transfer studies are as follows: (i) scaffold modularity, which allows tuning of photophysical properties of the material; (ii) crystallinity, which provides a platform for systematic studies of energy transfer mechanisms compared to amorphous polymers; and (iii) porosity, in combination with structural modularity, which allows studying of different energy transfer pathways involving organic linkers, metal nodes, and guest molecules. Moreover, the self-assembly approach proposed for material synthesis allows replication of the hierarchical organization of hundreds of chromophores observed in the natural photosystem. Integration of educational and research opportunities for high-school, undergraduate, and graduate students, with a special emphasis on women in STEM disciplines, is also a top priority of this project.

世纪人类面临的主要挑战之一是安全和可持续能源的供应，随着人口的增加，能源的消耗只会继续增长。该项目解决了定义明确的混合材料的工程和设计，可用于有效利用太阳能。通过自组装产生的金属有机晶体材料可以使我们实现这些目标，从而影响未来能源生产和储存的状态。该项目还整合了哥伦比亚科学界妇女（Wi-Sci）支持网络的发展，该网络解决了科学，技术，工程和数学（STEM）的劳动力需求。拟议的Wi-Sci倡议通过建立校际科学交流与合作，为不同研究小组的女科学家提供和促进多学科研究机会，并组织教育讲习班，重点是吸引和留住STEM学科的妇女，为STEM学科的女学生提供教育和研究机会。Wi-Sci倡议的主要目标是在60多所哥伦比亚高等教育机构建立和发展一个支持网络，其中包括20所历史悠久的黑人学院和大学，因此，增加妇女占至少50%的机会技术摘要在预先设计的路径中的能量转移是一个新兴的感兴趣的领域为广大的科学界所需要，并为下一代太阳能电池、光催化剂、传感器、发光二极管和开关的开发所需要。在材料研究部的固态和材料化学计划以及化学部的化学结构，动力学和机制B计划的支持下，该项目的主要目标是制备具有预先设计的能量转移途径的晶体混合材料，从而显着提高能源利用效率，从而彻底改变现有的能源和材料景观。利用所提出的材料进行能量传递研究的优点如下：（i）支架模块化，其允许调节材料的生物物理性质;（ii）结晶度，其为与无定形聚合物相比的能量传递机制的系统研究提供平台;和（iii）多孔性，结合结构模块性，其允许研究涉及有机连接体，金属节点，和客体分子。此外，自组装方法提出的材料合成允许复制的层次组织中观察到的数百个生色团的自然光系统。为高中生、本科生和研究生整合教育和研究机会，特别强调STEM学科中的妇女，也是该项目的一个重中之重。