权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Signal Molecules in Ctenophores: Quest for the Earliest Transmitters

栉水母中的信号分子：寻找最早的传递者

基本信息

批准号：
1557923
负责人：
Leonid Moroz
金额：
$ 108.78万
依托单位：
University of Florida
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-03-01 至 2022-09-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1557923&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Signal Molecules Ctenophores Quest Earliest

项目摘要

Ctenophores, also known as comb-jellies, are marine invertebrates that show an unprecedented capacity for regenerating. Their nervous system has two networks of interconnected cells and an elementary brain, and information travels from one nerve cell to another differently than in any other animal group. This research will reveal how comb-jellies build their nervous systems as compared to those of all other animals, and discover new molecules that control nerve cell communication in comb-jellies. Learning about these enigmatic organisms will open new horizons in scientific knowledge about alternative ways to build nerve cells and neural circuits, and will also decipher ways to rebuild damaged nervous systems. Data from these experiments will be deposited in publically web-accessible servers for the broader scientific community. This work will also provide unique opportunities for field education and training of students and the general public by using mobile marine laboratories and digital resources that are accessible world-wide. Wild-captured animals from the genuses Pleurobrachia and Mnemiopsis are the major experimental models for this research. Neuron-specific, single-cell approaches will be used to study gene expression, metabolomics, proteomics, connectivity and function with the overall goal of identifying novel neurotransmitters and neural specification molecules in cell populations forming the two distinct neural nets (ectodermal vs mesoglea-derived) and aboral organ (the analog of the elementary brain) of diverse ctenophore species. Specific outcomes will be: (1) deciphering a new chemical language in neural systems by genome-scale annotation of neurogenic and myogenic molecular pathways and transcription factors using single-cell RNA-seq and epigenome sequencing technologies; (2) tracing neuronal identities throughout development; (3) identifying and characterizing novel signal molecules or neurotransmitters using capillary electrophoresis and mass spectrometry complemented by physiological approaches; and (4) developing potential models to explain the neural origins and evolutionary diversification of synapses.

栉水母，也被称为栉水母，是一种海洋无脊椎动物，具有前所未有的再生能力。它们的神经系统有两个相互连接的细胞网络和一个基本的大脑，信息从一个神经细胞传递到另一个神经细胞，与其他任何动物群体都不同。这项研究将揭示栉水母与其他动物相比是如何构建它们的神经系统的，并发现控制栉水母神经细胞通讯的新分子。了解这些神秘的生物将为构建神经细胞和神经回路的替代方法开辟科学知识的新视野，也将破译重建受损神经系统的方法。这些实验的数据将被储存在公共网络服务器上，供更广泛的科学界使用。这项工作还将通过使用全球可访问的移动海洋实验室和数字资源，为学生和公众的实地教育和培训提供独特的机会。野生捕获的胸膜臂属和记忆属动物是本研究的主要实验模型。神经元特异性，单细胞方法将用于研究基因表达，代谢组学，蛋白质组学，连通性和功能，其总体目标是鉴定形成不同毛囊物种的两种不同神经网络（外胚层与中胶层衍生）和aboral器官（初级脑的类似物）的细胞群体中的新型神经递质和神经规范分子。具体成果将包括：(1)利用单细胞RNA-seq和表观基因组测序技术，通过对神经发生和肌发生分子途径和转录因子的基因组级注释，破译神经系统中的一种新的化学语言；(2)在整个发育过程中追踪神经元身份；(3)利用毛细管电泳和质谱结合生理学方法鉴定和表征新的信号分子或神经递质；(4)建立潜在的模型来解释突触的神经起源和进化多样化。