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INSPIRE_Deciphering the Genealogy of Neurons via Planetary Biodiversity Capture

INSPIRE_通过行星生物多样性捕获破译神经元谱系

基本信息

批准号：
1548121
负责人：
Leonid Moroz
金额：
$ 100万
依托单位：
University of Florida
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2015-09-01 至 2020-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1548121&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
INSPIRE_Deciphering Genealogy Neurons via Planetary

项目摘要

This INSPIRE project is jointly funded by the Organization Program in the Neural Systems Cluster in the Division of Integrative Organismal Systems, the Systematics and Biodiversity Science Cluster in the Division of Environmental Biology, both in the Biological Sciences Directorate, and by the Biologial Oceanography Program in the Division of Ocean Sciences in the Geosciences Directorate, the Office of International Science and Engineering, and the Office of Integrative Activities.Why there is such an enormous diversity of neurons in our brains is the least understood and one of the most challenging problems in modern biology. Two factors contribute to this diversity. One is that different neurons have different functions, and the other, is that different neurons have different evolutionary histories. However, neither evolutionary history nor classification of neuronal types is established. The goal of this project is to reconstruct the genealogy of neurons and develop an unbiased classification of neurons in the majority of animal groups. This will provide a way to predict the properties of neurons and their connections. A novel approach to determine the kinds of molecules that are expressed in different neurons will be developed. To gain access to critically important organisms, the Principal Investigator will organize worldwide voyages on research vessels to collect marine animals that represent all major types of neuronal organization. Thousands of distinct neuronal populations across species will be collected and analyzed with novel computational and mathematical tools. The work will create a new field of NeuroSystematics. The team will develop and test a novel approach for distant training of undergraduate and graduate students to perform real-time analyses at any world location. The project will involve research collaborations with over 150 investigators from universities from many countries and will provide opportunities for international and underrepresented minority students to be involved in biodiversity research in remote oceanic laboratories. The project will also provide priceless resources and reference databases for several disciplines.The research strategy is based upon the development of a mobile version of a nano-volume capture technology designed for massive transcriptome analysis of entire nervous systems at single-cell resolution. The focus will be on animal lineages never investigated before, including phoronids, brachiopods, xenoturbellids, and rare and fragile larvae. The team will integrate phylogenomic tools and statistical geometry to characterize transcriptional divergence in cell type evolution and reconstruct neurogenic gene regulatory circuits. To incorporate the inherent statistical uncertainty in the genome, as well as natural selection within complex systems, stochastic approaches from information theory will be used to evaluate molecular diversities across dozens of classes of neuronal architectures. The genomic nature of species boundaries will be studied to reveal environmental and neurosensory limitations to the rates of speciation. Thus, deciphering the genealogy of neurons will be integrated with the functional and ecological constraints that underlie the formation of new behaviors.

该 INSPIRE 项目由生物科学局综合有机系统司神经系统集群、环境生物学司系统学和生物多样性科学集群、地球科学局海洋科学司生物海洋学计划、国际科学与工程办公室和综合活动办公室共同资助。我们大脑中的神经元是现代生物学中最不为人所知的问题，也是最具挑战性的问题之一。有两个因素促成了这种多样性。一是不同的神经元有不同的功能，二是不同的神经元有不同的进化历史。然而，进化史和神经元类型的分类都没有建立。该项目的目标是重建神经元谱系，并对大多数动物群体的神经元进行公正的分类。这将提供一种预测神经元及其连接特性的方法。将开发一种新方法来确定在不同神经元中表达的分子种类。为了获得极其重要的生物体，首席研究员将组织研究船进行全球航行，收集代表所有主要神经组织类型的海洋动物。将使用新颖的计算和数学工具收集和分析跨物种的数千个不同的神经元群体。这项工作将创建神经系统学的新领域。该团队将开发和测试一种新颖的方法，用于对本科生和研究生进行远程培训，以便在世界任何地点进行实时分析。该项目将涉及与来自许多国家的大学的 150 多名研究人员进行研究合作，并将为国际学生和代表性不足的少数族裔学生提供参与偏远海洋实验室生物多样性研究的机会。该项目还将为多个学科提供无价的资源和参考数据库。该研究策略基于开发移动版本的纳米体积捕获技术，旨在以单细胞分辨率对整个神经系统进行大规模转录组分析。重点将放在以前从未研究过的动物谱系上，包括拟肢动物、腕足动物、异涡虫和稀有且脆弱的幼虫。该团队将整合系统发育学工具和统计几何学来表征细胞类型进化中的转录分歧并重建神经源基因调控回路。为了纳入基因组中固有的统计不确定性以及复杂系统中的自然选择，信息论中的随机方法将用于评估数十类神经元结构的分子多样性。将研究物种边界的基因组性质，以揭示环境和神经感觉对物种形成速率的限制。因此，破译神经元谱系将与新行为形成背后的功能和生态约束相结合。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（7）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Development of the nervous system in the early hatching larvae of the ctenophore Mnemiopsis leidyi

DOI：
10.1002/jmor.21398
发表时间：
2021-07-26
期刊：
JOURNAL OF MORPHOLOGY
影响因子：
1.5
作者：
Norekian, Tigran P.;Moroz, Leonid L.
通讯作者：
Moroz, Leonid L.

Comparative neuroanatomy of ctenophores: Neural and muscular systems in Euplokamis dunlapae and related species

DOI：
10.1002/cne.24770
发表时间：
2019-10-04
期刊：
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE NEUROLOGY
影响因子：
2.5
作者：
Norekian, Tigran P.;Moroz, Leonid L.
通讯作者：
Moroz, Leonid L.

Glycine as a signaling molecule and chemoattractant in Trichoplax (Placozoa): insights into the early evolution of neurotransmitters

甘氨酸作为毛盘菌（Placozoa）中的信号分子和化学引诱剂：深入了解神经递质的早期进化

DOI：
10.1097/wnr.0000000000001436
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
NeuroReport
影响因子：
1.7
作者：
Romanova, Daria Y.;Heyland, Andreas;Sohn, Dosung;Kohn, Andrea B.;Fasshauer, Dirk;Varoqueaux, Frederique;Moroz, Leonid L.
通讯作者：
Moroz, Leonid L.

Atlas of the neuromuscular system in the Trachymedusa Aglantha digitale : Insights from the advanced hydrozoan

Trachymedusa Aglantha digitale 的神经肌肉系统图谱：来自高级水螅动物的见解