The Long-Term Socioeconomic Dynamics of Resettlement

经济增长有赖于基础设施的发展，使企业能够蓬勃发展和创新。基础设施的发展往往对发生基础设施的社区产生重大影响，例如，交通和能源倡议可能要求这些社区流离失所和重新安置。公众对这些努力的信心取决于缓解这些流离失所社区的不均衡发展结果。科学家们对流离失所和重新安置的短期动态非常了解。这项研究将为科学家提供一个难得的机会，从长期来理解这些动态。此外，该项目将加强国际科学家群体之间的合作，对研究生进行有科学依据和经验数据收集方法的培训，并提供有益于关注发展和重新安置的公共政策专家的数据。美国大学的多洛雷斯·克尼格博士将带领一个研究小组，调查大型基础设施发展项目导致的被迫流离失所和重新安置的长期动态。这项研究将重新审视一个拥有大量基线数据和分析的地区：马里的曼纳塔利大坝，该大坝在20世纪80年代末导致塞内加尔河流域的大量居民流离失所。这些项目询问，强迫流离失所和重新安置的长期影响是否因重新安置的个人及其后代能够获得经济和社会资源而有所不同。与巴马科人类科学研究所的研究人员合作，研究小组将跟踪20世纪80年代进行的两项移民研究的家庭样本，以及1993-94年进行的另一项研究的更大样本。将在四个不同地点收集数据，以获得不同的资源，以测试生计和其他决策战略是否有显著差异。将通过访谈和其他人种学数据收集技术收集有关粮食安全、社会经济地位、社会组织和亲属关系、保健和教育机会、消费模式和一系列其他决策做法的数据。该项目将促进对经济生计及其可持续性的人类学和其他科学理解，以及维持生计和获得资源的社会结构。

Economic growth depends of the development of infrastructures that allow for enterprise to thrive and innovate. Infrastructural development often significantly impacts the communities in which it takes place, and transportation and energy initiatives, for example, can require that these communities be displaced and resettled. Public confidence in these efforts depends on the mitigation of uneven development outcomes to these displaced communities. Scientists know much about the short-term dynamics of displacement and resettlement. This research would give scientists a rare opportunity to understand those dynamics over the long-term. In addition, the project would strengthen collaboration among international communities of scientists, train a graduate student in methods of scientifically-grounded and empirical data collection, and contribute data that would be of benefit to public policy experts concerned with development and resettlement. Dr. Dolores Koenig of the American University will lead a team of researchers investigating the long-term dynamics of forced displacement and resettlement resulting from large infrastructural development projects. The research would revisit a region for which there is substantial baseline data and analyses: the Manantali dam in Mali, which displaced large numbers of Senegal River Basin residents in the late 1980s. The projects asks whether the long-term impacts of forced displacement and resettlement vary depending on the access that resettled individuals and their descendants have to economic and social resources. In collaboration with researchers from the Institut des Sciences Humains in Bamako, the research team will track household samples from two studies of migrants conducted in the 1980s, and another larger sample from a study conducted in 1993-94. Date will be gathered at four different sites with varied access to resources, to test whether livelihood and other decision-making strategies differ significantly. Data on food security, socioeconomic status, social organization and kinship, health care and education access, consumption patterns, and a range of other decision-making practices will be collected through interviews and other ethnographic data collection techniques. The project will advance anthropological and other scientific understandings about economic livelihoods and their sustainability, and the social structures that sustain livelihoods and access to resources.