Long-term effects of socioeconomic activity on ecological stability

社会经济活动对生态稳定性的长期影响

• 批准号: 2203789
• 负责人: Dylan Davis
• 金额: $ 14.3万
• 依托单位: Davis, Dylan S
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2203789&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Long; term; effects; socioeconomic; activity

This award was provided as part of NSF's Social, Behavioral and Economic Sciences Postdoctoral Research Fellowships (SPRF) program. The goal of the SPRF program is to prepare promising, early career doctoral-level scientists for scientific careers in academia, industry or private sector, and government. SPRF awards involve two years of training under the sponsorship of established scientists and encourage Postdoctoral Fellows to perform independent research. NSF seeks to promote the participation of scientists from all segments of the scientific community, including those from underrepresented groups, in its research programs and activities; the postdoctoral period is considered to be an important level of professional development in attaining this goal. Each Postdoctoral Fellow must address important scientific questions that advance their respective disciplinary fields. Under the sponsorship of Dr. Kristina Douglass at Columbia University, this postdoctoral fellowship award supports an early career scientist studying the impacts of different socioeconomic livelihood strategies on ecological systems. Around the world, the earliest periods of human history, which are dominated by small, mobile communities, are consistently the least well studied. Instead, archaeologists have primarily focused on large, hierarchical, sedentary societies, which skew our perspectives and conclusions to one very specific form of human social organization. However, living strategies employed by other types of human communities can shed light on successful lifeway strategies which are invaluable for defining “sustainability” and developing successful conservation policies in the present. By shifting our attention toward small-scale community environmental impacts, this project will provide new insights into past land-use strategies and their long-term resilience during past periods of extreme climatic fluctuation. As environmental conditions become increasingly erratic due to climate change, the findings of this research hold significance both to archaeological scholarship and modern land-use policy initiatives. This NSF postdoctoral fellowship will work to challenge traditional distinctions of “low-impact” and “high-impact” land-use and instead highlight the flexible nature of different economic strategies and their environmental impacts. The project seeks to answer the following questions: 1. How do long-term habitations of foraging communities impact local and regional soil and vegetation diversity; 2. How do these impacts compare with other socioeconomic groups (i.e., herders, agriculturalists)? And 3. How can differences and similarities observed in ecological impact by different socioeconomic strategies inform our understanding of sustainability in the present? By shifting attention toward small-scale community environmental impacts, this project will develop new approaches for identifying human ecological legacies. In turn, this will help improve our understanding of early human communities, their socioeconomic organizations, and impacts of different economic systems on landscape ecologies.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是 NSF 社会、行为和经济科学博士后研究奖学金 (SPRF) 计划的一部分。 SPRF 项目的目标是为学术界、工业界或私营部门以及政府的科学职业培养有前途的早期职业博士级科学家。 SPRF 奖项包括在知名科学家的赞助下进行两年的培训，并鼓励博士后研究员进行独立研究。 NSF 致力于促进科学界各个领域的科学家（包括来自代表性不足群体的科学家）参与其研究计划和活动；博士后时期被认为是实现这一目标的重要专业发展阶段。每个博士后研究员必须解决推动各自学科领域发展的重要科学问题。在哥伦比亚大学克里斯蒂娜·道格拉斯博士的赞助下，该博士后奖学金支持一位早期职业科学家研究不同社会经济生计策略对生态系统的影响。在世界各地，人类历史的最早时期由小型、流动的社区主导，而这些时期一直是研究最少的时期。相反，考古学家主要关注大型的、等级森严的、久坐的社会，这使我们的观点和结论偏向于一种非常具体的人类社会组织形式。然而，其他类型人类社区采用的生活策略可以为成功的生活方式策略提供启示，这对于定义“可持续性”和制定当前成功的保护政策非常有价值。通过将我们的注意力转向小规模社区环境影响，该项目将为过去的土地利用策略及其在过去极端气候波动时期的长期恢复能力提供新的见解。由于气候变化，环境条件变得越来越不稳定，这项研究的结果对考古学学术和现代土地利用政策举措都具有重要意义。美国国家科学基金会的这项博士后奖学金将致力于挑战“低影响”和“高影响”土地利用的传统区别，并强调不同经济战略的灵活性及其对环境的影响。该项目旨在回答以下问题： 1. 觅食群落的长期栖息地如何影响当地和区域土壤和植被多样性； 2. 与其他社会经济群体（即牧民、农民）相比，这些影响如何？ 3. 不同社会经济策略在生态影响方面观察到的差异和相似之处如何帮助我们理解当前的可持续性？通过将注意力转向小规模社区环境影响，该项目将开发识别人类生态遗产的新方法。反过来，这将有助于提高我们对早期人类社区、其社会经济组织以及不同经济体系对景观生态的影响的理解。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Evaluating the Archaeological Efficacy of Bathymetric LiDAR across Oceanographic Contexts: A Case Study from Apalachee Bay, Florida

评估海洋学背景下测深激光雷达的考古功效：佛罗里达州阿巴拉奇湾的案例研究

• DOI: 10.3390/heritage6020051
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Heritage
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Hale, Jessica W.;Davis, Dylan S.;Sanger, Matthew C.
• 通讯作者: Sanger, Matthew C.

Past, Present, and Future of Complex Systems Theory in Archaeology

• DOI: 10.1007/s10814-023-09193-z
• 发表时间: 2023-10-30
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Davis，Dylan S.

Social networks as risk-mitigation strategies in south-west Madagascar

• DOI: 10.15184/aqy.2023.123
• 发表时间: 2023-10-01
• 期刊: ANTIQUITY
• 影响因子: 1.8
• 作者: Davis，Dylan S.;Rasolondrainy，Tanambelo;Douglass，Kristina
• 通讯作者: Douglass，Kristina

Evidence of lithic blade technology in southwest Madagascar

马达加斯加西南部的石刀技术证据

• DOI: 10.1080/15564894.2022.2152139
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: The Journal of Island and Coastal Archaeology
• 作者: Davis, Dylan S.;Manahira, George;Lahiniriko, François;Andriankaja, Vanillah;Carnat, Tahirisoa Lorine;Clovis, Marius Brenah;Fenomanana, Felicia;Hubertine, Laurence;Justome, Ricky;Léonce, Harson
• 通讯作者: Léonce, Harson