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Direct Conversion of Carbon into Diamond and Useful Micro and Nanostructures

碳直接转化为金刚石和有用的微米和纳米结构

基本信息

批准号：
1560838
负责人：
Jagdish Narayan
金额：
$ 8万
依托单位：
North Carolina State University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2016-08-01 至 2018-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1560838&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Direct Conversion Carbon into Diamond

项目摘要

NON-TECHNICAL DESCRIPTION: This project focuses on direct conversion of carbon into diamond at ambient temperatures and atmospheric pressures in air. By NCSU's transformative approach, carbon can be converted into so-called Q-carbon (named because of laser quenching) and diamond in a variety of useful nanostructures and microstructures in the form of nanoscale needles, microscale needles, nanoscale dots, microscale crystals, and large-area single-crystal films on practical substrates such as sapphire, glass and heat-sensitive polymers. These microscale and nanoscale structures have potential applications, e.g., as cutting tools and high-speed machining; and in high-power, quantum computing devices, and biomedical devices. The goals in this very critical stage are to develop a basic understanding and address issues related to scale-up and manufacturing of diamond-related products. This project has a strong education value through training of graduate students in this exciting new area in collaboration with NC A&T faculty and students.TECHNICAL DETAILS: This research addresses fundamental understanding and investigations of basic mechanisms involved in the direct conversion of carbon into diamond. By using nanosecond pulsed laser irradiation, carbon is melted in a highly undercooled state at 4000 K (over 1000 K below the melting point of carbon). This state is then quenched to form Q-carbon (a new phase of carbon) or diamond or a mixture of both; the result depends on the degree of undercooling. Q-carbon has many exciting new properties, including ferromagnetism, super hardness and enhanced field emission for next-generation displays. Q-carbon is converted into diamond by laser irradiation with a second laser pulse. By controlling interfacial instability during rapid quenching nanodots, microdots, nanoneedles and microneedles are created with a single nanosecond laser pulse; the entire process is completed in less than two hundred nanoseconds. This novel approach provides an inexpensive way to convert carbon into diamond and harvest various structures conveniently for a variety of applications. This research expands our fundamental knowledge base on laser-solid interactions and transient thermal processing of materials, and on the critical role of structure, defects and chemistry in the properties of novel Q-carbon and diamond-based structures.

非技术描述：该项目的重点是在环境温度和大气压力下在空气中将碳直接转化为金刚石。通过NCSU的变革性方法，碳可以转化为所谓的Q-碳（因激光淬火而命名）和金刚石，以纳米级针，微米级针，纳米级点，微米级晶体和大面积单晶膜的形式存在于各种有用的纳米结构和微观结构中，实际衬底如蓝宝石，玻璃和热敏聚合物。这些微米级和纳米级结构具有潜在的应用，例如，作为切削工具和高速加工;以及用于高功率、量子计算设备和生物医学设备。在这一非常关键的阶段，目标是对扩大钻石相关产品的规模和生产有基本的了解，并解决相关问题。该项目具有很强的教育价值，通过培训研究生在这一令人兴奋的新领域与NC A T教师和学生合作。技术专长：本研究涉及碳直接转化为金刚石的基本机制的基本理解和调查。通过使用纳秒脉冲激光照射，碳在4000 K（比碳的熔点低1000 K以上）的高度过冷状态下熔化。这种状态然后被淬火以形成Q-碳（碳的新相）或金刚石或两者的混合物;结果取决于过冷度。Q-carbon具有许多令人兴奋的新特性，包括铁磁性，超硬度和下一代显示器的增强场发射。Q-碳通过用第二激光脉冲的激光照射而转化成金刚石。通过控制快速淬火过程中的界面不稳定性，纳米点、微米点、纳米针和微米针都是用一个纳秒激光脉冲产生的;整个过程在不到200纳秒的时间内完成。这种新颖的方法提供了一种廉价的方式将碳转化为金刚石，并方便地收获各种结构用于各种应用。这项研究扩展了我们在激光-固体相互作用和材料瞬态热处理方面的基础知识，以及结构，缺陷和化学在新型Q-碳和金刚石结构性能中的关键作用。