CRII: CHS: Sharing Over Direct and Extended Social Networks - Towards A Trustworthy and Efficient Sharing Economy

共享经济规模很大，而且还在扩大，优步和Airbnb等服务的快速崛起就证明了这一点。共享经济发展的一个重大障碍是信任。这项调查将通过探索建立一个值得信赖和高效的共享经济系统的可能性，促进在人们现有的直接和扩展的社交网络中发布请求和共享资源，从而为社会计算研究做出贡献。基于社交网络的共享经济系统的优势在于，社交网络在参与者之间产生信任，而不依赖第三方机构或声誉系统；信任是基于共享经济参与者的个人和人际特征建立的。一个成功的基于社会网络的共享经济系统的关键挑战是设计支付结构和系统基础设施，以有效地动员直接和扩展的社会网络。本研究集中在以下三个问题上：如何利用社会网络结构和上下文信息在共享经济系统中的参与者之间产生信任？哪些支付结构鼓励朋友和朋友的朋友在响应请求的同时保持长期关系？3)哪些路由机制能够在不使人们的社交网络超载的情况下将请求与资源快速匹配？本研究将得出四个研究成果：(1)推进分享经济中信任产生机制的理论理解。(2)获取关于人们在基于社交网络的共享经济中对不同类型的支付(例如，现金、礼物和欠条)的感知和实践的经验知识。(3)获得关于人们通过直接和扩展的社交网络发送请求的感知和实践的经验知识。(4)开发体现调查结果的研究平台。

The sharing economy is large and expanding, as demonstrated by the rapid ascent of services such as Uber and AirBnB. One significant impediment to the growth of the sharing economy is trust. This investigation will contribute to social computing research by exploring 
the possibility of building a trustworthy and efficient sharing economy system that facilitates posting requests and sharing resources within people's existing direct and extended social networks. The advantage of a social-network-based sharing economy system is that social networks produce trust between participants without relying on third-party institutions or reputation systems; trust is built based on the personal and interpersonal
characteristics of the sharing economy participants. The key challenge of a successful social-network-based sharing economy system is to design the payment structures and system infrastructures to efficiently mobilize the direct and extended social network.This investigation focuses on the following three questions: How to leverage social network structural and contextual information to produce trust between participants in sharing economy systems? Which payment structures encourage friends and friends of friends to respond to requests while also maintaining long-term relationships? 3) Which routing mechanisms are able to quickly match requests with resources without overloading people's social network? This investigation will lead to four research outcomes: (1) Advance theoretical understanding of trust production mechanisms in a sharing economy. (2) Gain empirical knowledge about people's perception and practices regarding different types of payment (e.g., cash, gifts, and IOUs)in a social-network- based sharing economy. (3) Gain empirical knowledge about people's perceptions and practices around routing their requests across their direct and extended social networks. (4) Develop a research platform that embodies the findings of the investigations.