Kinetics and Entanglement in Quantum Devices

量子器件中的动力学和纠缠

• 批准号: 1608238
• 负责人: Alex Kamenev
• 金额: $ 36.3万
• 依托单位: University of Minnesota-Twin Cities
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1608238&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Kinetics; Entanglement; Quantum; Devices

NONTECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports research and education on time-dependent phenomena in nanodevices, such as the transfer of heat and charge. Recent progress in information technology has greatly exceeded even the wildest dreams of science fiction writers of the sixties and the seventies. The cornerstone of this still unfolding revolution has been the exhaustive theoretical understanding of semiconductor materials. Based entirely on quantum mechanics, it has enabled technology to manufacture and pack billions of transistors per square centimeter. The next big frontier in this quest is building a quantum computer, which will enable calculation capacity infeasible in current classical devices. As before, the crucial step is in imagining, predicting, and eventually finding materials with the proper "quantum pedigree" that will be up to the task. Most experts agree that we already have a perfect candidate for the job, the so-called topological insulators. These novel compounds have unique electronic properties that make them ideal for the processing and storage of quantum information. The proposed activity will advance the theoretical understanding of these materials and expand on the ways they can be employed in quantum computation.The award will also support graduate students and a postdoctoral researcher, which will be trained in modern theoretical and computational techniques, and will have opportunities to visit and interact with experimentalists. The results of the research will be published in scientific journals, and will be presented in national and international conferences. The PI will co-organize a two-week summer school at the University of Minnesota, and a public lecture series in theoretical physics that is attended by more than 500 members of the Twin-Cities community.TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports research and education on nonequilibrium dynamics and entanglement propagation in quantum devices. Topological properties of electronic spectra, which play increasingly prominent role in these structures, lead to transitions between various topologically distinct phases. Disorder, inevitably present in any realistic device, qualitatively changes electron dynamics in the vicinity of such quantum phase transitions (QPT). The activity will focus on: (i) investigating heat and charge transfer in the vicinity of a topological QPT and developing concrete experimental setups that will be capable to probe such near-critical dynamics, (ii) investigating finite-size and dynamical scaling for various measures of quantum entanglement across a QPT, (iii) investigating hidden topological characteristics of quasicrystals, (iv) aiding and advancing experimental efforts in the search for neutral edge modes of fractional quantum Hall structures and in the characterization of superconducting nanowires, (v) advancing a theory of dissipative quantum tunneling in molecular magnets.The award will also support graduate students and a postdoctoral researcher, which will be trained in modern theoretical and computational techniques, and will have opportunities to visit and interact with experimentalists. The results of the research will be published in scientific journals, and will be presented in national and international conferences. The PI will co-organize a two-week summer school at the University of Minnesota, and a public lecture series in theoretical physics that is attended by more than 500 members of the Twin-Cities community.

该奖项支持纳米器件中与时间相关的现象的研究和教育，例如热量和电荷的传递。信息技术的最新进展甚至大大超出了六七十年代科幻作家最大胆的梦想。这场仍在展开的革命的基石是对半导体材料的详尽的理论理解。它完全基于量子力学，使技术能够制造和包装每平方厘米数十亿个晶体管。这一探索的下一个重大前沿是建造量子计算机，它将实现当前经典设备无法实现的计算能力。和以前一样，关键的一步是想象、预测，并最终找到能够胜任这项任务的具有适当“量子谱系”的材料。大多数专家都认为，我们已经有了一个完美的人选，即所谓的拓扑绝缘体。这些新型化合物具有独特的电子特性，使它们成为处理和存储量子信息的理想选择。拟议的活动将推进对这些材料的理论理解，并扩展它们在量子计算中的应用方式。该奖项还将支持研究生和博士后研究人员，他们将接受现代理论和计算技术的培训，并有机会访问和与实验人员互动。研究结果将发表在科学期刊上，并将在国内和国际会议上发表。PI将在明尼苏达大学共同组织一个为期两周的暑期学校，以及一个由500多名双城社区成员参加的理论物理系列公开讲座。该奖项支持在量子器件中的非平衡动力学和纠缠传播方面的研究和教育。电子谱的拓扑性质在这些结构中起着越来越突出的作用，导致了不同拓扑相之间的转变。无序，不可避免地存在于任何现实设备中，定性地改变了这种量子相变（QPT）附近的电子动力学。活动将集中于：(i)研究拓扑QPT附近的热量和电荷传递，并开发能够探测这种近临界动力学的具体实验装置，（ii）研究QPT上量子纠缠的各种测量的有限尺寸和动态缩放，（iii）研究准晶体的隐藏拓扑特征，（四）协助和推进分数量子霍尔结构中性边缘模式的研究和超导纳米线的表征；（五）推进分子磁体耗散量子隧穿理论。该奖项还将支持研究生和博士后研究人员，他们将接受现代理论和计算技术的培训，并有机会访问和与实验人员互动。研究结果将发表在科学期刊上，并将在国内和国际会议上发表。PI将在明尼苏达大学共同组织一个为期两周的暑期学校，以及一个由500多名双城社区成员参加的理论物理系列公开讲座。