EAPSI: Harnessing Microbial Potential to Address Challenges in Groundwater Remediation

EAPSI：利用微生物潜力应对地下水修复挑战

• 批准号: 1614283
• 负责人: Nannan Jiang
• 金额: $ 0.54万
• 依托单位: Jiang Nannan
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Fellowship Award
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-06-01 至 2017-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1614283&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAPSI; Harnessing; Microbial; Potential; Address

With the rise of the human population as well as industrial and agricultural activities, global sustainability is becoming an increasingly critical issue. Although environmental pollutants are of global concern, these contaminants generally differ in terms of type and concentration across the globe. Therefore, it is essential to investigate multinational pollutants and their associated degradation pathways across different geographic distributions. In this study, we will collaborate with Professor Yufang Song in the Institute of Applied Ecology at the Chinese Academy of Sciences to examine the biodegradation of China-specific subsurface contaminants and compare the results to those obtained in the United States. A recent survey by China's Ministry of Water Resources estimated that 80% of groundwater in China has already been contaminated with chlorinated solvents, with chlorinated methanes among the most common. Chlorinated methanes such as carbon tetrachloride and chloroform have been classified as probable human carcinogens resulting from their adverse effects on organ function. Biodegradation has proven effective in multiple scenarios by transforming many toxic chlorinated compounds into environmentally benign end-products. However, the fundamental microbial pathways for mitigating chlorinated methane contamination still remain largely unknown. To this end, we will establish microcosms with samples collected from several contaminated sites to enrich and identify the microorganisms responsible for the biodegradation and biotransformation of chlorinated methanes. Identifying these microorganisms can lead to their use as predictive biomarkers in evaluating the bioremediation potential at contaminated sites. The overarching goal of this proposal is to apply established molecular tools to identify novel microorganisms, assess the bioremediation potential and develop remediation technologies in China. These shared results can be applied on a global scale and will effectively complement NSF?s current focus on the intersection of food, energy and water.This award under the East Asia and Pacific Summer Institutes program supports summer research by a U.S. graduate student and is jointly funded by NSF and the Ministry of Science and Technology of China.

随着人口以及工农业活动的增加，全球可持续性正成为一个日益重要的问题。虽然环境污染物是全球关注的问题，但这些污染物在全球范围内的类型和浓度通常不同。因此，有必要研究跨地理分布的多国污染物及其相关的降解途径。在这项研究中，我们将与中国科学院应用生态研究所的宋玉芳教授合作，研究中国特定地下污染物的生物降解情况，并将结果与美国的结果进行比较。中国水利部最近的一项调查估计，中国80%的地下水已经受到氯化溶剂的污染，其中最常见的是氯化甲烷。氯化甲烷如四氯化碳和氯仿已被列为可能的人类致癌物，因为它们对器官功能有不利影响。生物降解已被证明在多种情况下是有效的，它将许多有毒的氯化化合物转化为对环境无害的最终产品。然而，减轻氯化甲烷污染的基本微生物途径在很大程度上仍然未知。为此，我们将利用从几个污染地点收集的样品建立微生物群落，以丰富和鉴定负责氯化甲烷生物降解和生物转化的微生物。鉴定这些微生物可以使它们作为预测性生物标志物用于评估污染地点的生物修复潜力。本提案的总体目标是应用已建立的分子工具来识别新型微生物，评估生物修复潜力，并在中国开发修复技术。这些共享的结果可以在全球范围内应用，并将有效地补充国家科学基金？我们目前关注的是食物、能源和水的交叉。该奖项隶属于东亚和太平洋暑期研究所项目，由美国国家科学基金会和中国科技部共同资助，支持美国研究生的暑期研究。