On the Trail of the Most Massive Galaxy Clusters in the Observable Universe

星系团是星系、热气体和神秘的“暗”物质的巨大储存库。这种热气产生毫米波长的信号。质量最大的星系团产生的信号最强。这样的信号可以从宇宙中任何地方的星团中探测到。该团队使用一次太空任务的毫米观测来确定大规模星系团的候选者。他们将获得后续观测，以确认星系团的身份。这些星系团将被用于测试宇宙中结构如何形成的模型。它们还将被用来约束宇宙学参数。高级团队成员将培训初级团队成员。该团队将开发西班牙语材料，并在伊利诺伊州的学校以西班牙语呈现。该小组还将与南非代表人数不足的少数民族进行接触。该团队将对通过Sunyaev-Zeldovich(SZ)效应发现的候选星系团进行后续观测。他们广泛的成像和光谱与地面设施将产生确认的星系团。预计它们将处于高红移，并具有高SZ确定的质量。该团队将使用这些星系团(1)测试Lambda冷暗物质模型在宇宙中的结构形成，以及(2)改善对星系团计数的宇宙学参数的约束。

Galaxy clusters are enormous reservoirs of galaxies, hot gas and mysterious "dark" matter. The hot gas produces a signal at millimeter wavelengths. The most massive clusters produce the strongest signals. Such signals can be detected from clusters anywhere in the universe. The team used millimeter observations from a space mission to identify massive cluster candidates. They will obtain follow-up observations to confirm the cluster identifications. The clusters will be used to test models of how structures form in the universe. They will also be used to constrain cosmological parameters. Senior team members will train junior team members. The team will develop material in Spanish and present it in Spanish in Illinois schools. The team will also engage with underrepresented minorities in South Africa. The team will conduct follow-up observations of candidate galaxy clusters discovered through the Sunyaev-Zeldovich (SZ) effect. Their extensive imaging and spectroscopy with ground-based facilities will yield confirmed clusters. These are expected to be at high redshift and have high SZ-determined masses. The team will use the clusters to (1) test the Lambda Cold Dark Matter model for structure formation in the universe and (2) improve constraints on cosmological parameters from galaxy cluster counts.