SHF: Small: Collaborative Research: Coupling Computation and Communication in FPGA-Enhanced Clouds and Clusters

现场可编程门阵列(FGA)的引入加速了数据中心和云中的服务器集群，为在高端计算领域利用新技术提供了直接的大好机会。凭借其灵活的逻辑和原生的海量通信能力，现场可编程门阵列是后摩尔？S法律界高性能计算的理想选择。由于硬件与应用相适应，可以达到更高的效率，而由于现场可编程门阵列是通信/计算混合处理器，它们可以直接互连到芯片。因此，大规模通信可以同时以更高的带宽、更低的延迟和更少的处理器影响来进行。这些功能对于超越当前水平的性能提升至关重要。建议的设计允许在数据在网络中传输的同时进行有用的处理，从而减少并行中间件中的软件开销，并减少网络拥塞。研究的主要原则是实现可编程的、智能的应用程序加速，同时强调低延迟的通信和计算重叠，同时大幅削减软件开销。研究项目FC5(一种用于在云和集群中耦合通信和计算的FPGA框架)有几个推动力。首先，研究了FC5的硬件支持和FC5的可配置性方法，以减少网络中的通信延迟和支持计算。第二个成果是开放MPI开源版本的MPI-3.1并行中间件的原型版本，它利用FC5提供涉及服务器之间和服务器内的数据移动、数学数据减少和批量数据重组的功能和性能增强。第三，多个FC5软件模型的概念验证版本，包括直接硬件访问、透明的MPI-in-OpenCL和基于API的公开基本功能的机制。最后，由于FC5正在快速发展，预计即将发布重大新声明，因此继续完善是至关重要的。至少有两个模型应用程序--分子动力学和地图简化--将被用作测试案例。随着计算服务不断整合到云中，潜在的更广泛的影响是增加并行应用程序的规模和可用性。云计算和集群计算在商业、政府和学术应用中的广泛使用意味着加速将产生广泛的影响，适用于许多行业。高性能计算在工业中的接受度越来越高(例如，快速机器学习)，这是一个特别有潜力的商业领域，将通过该项目得到加强。

The introduction of Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) to accelerate clusters of servers in datacenters and clouds provides a great, immediate opportunity to leverage a new technology in high-end computing. With their flexible logic and native massive communication capability, FPGAs are ideal for high-performance computing in the post-Moore?s Law world. Since the hardware adapts to the application higher efficiency can be achieved, and since FPGAs are hybrid communication/computation processors, they can be interconnected directly chip-to-chip. Large-scale communication can consequently proceed with both higher bandwidth, lower latency, and less processor impact. These features are crucial to enhancing performance beyond current levels. The proposed design allows for useful processing while data is in flight in the network resulting in reduced software overhead in parallel middleware and reduced network congestion. The key tenets of the research are to achieve programmable, intelligent acceleration of applications while emphasizing overlap of communication and computation at low latency, while also cutting substantially software overhead. The research project, FC5 (an FPGA framework for coupling communication and computation in clouds and clusters) has several thrusts. First, hardware support for FC5 and investigation of methods of configurability in FC5 to reduce communication latency and support computing in the network are studied. A second outcome is a prototype version of the Open MPI open source version of MPI-3.1 parallel middleware that utilizes FC5 to deliver the features and performance enhancements involving data movement between and within servers, mathematical data reductions, and bulk data reorganizations. Third, proof-of-concept versions of multiple FC5 software models, including direct hardware access, a transparent MPI-in-OpenCL, and an API-based mechanism that exposes essential functionality. Finally, because FC5 is evolving rapidly with major new announcements expected imminently, continued refinement is essential. At least two model applications, Molecular Dynamics and Map-Reduce, will be used as test cases. With the continued consolidation of computing services into the cloud, the potential broader impact is to increase both the scale and availability of parallel applications. The broad range of uses of cloud and cluster computing for commercial, government, and academic applications means that acceleration offered will have a widespread impact applicable across many sectors. The growing acceptance of high performance computing in industry (e.g., fast machine learning) is one particular potential commercial sector that will be enhanced by this project.