NSFSaTC-BSF: TWC: Small: Cryptography and Communication Complexity

当前基于云的系统使得能够对信息和计算资源进行分布式访问。在这种情况下，必须进行安全通信，并且已经提出了强大而昂贵的加密技术来解决这个问题。 然而，一个严重的限制因素是，这些用于在参与方之间安全地访问或处理数据的方法在处理大量数据时可能导致通信开销。该项目的重点是最大限度地减少密码学的通信复杂性的问题，并探索解决这些问题的新方法。 这项工作可能会导致更广泛的部署在密码学的想法，这将导致更好的安全性和隐私的用户，以及降低成本，提高云服务提供商的安全性。本项目的目标是调查计算轻量级的解决方案，其安全性可以分析，而无需诉诸未经证实的数学结构，并多样化的结构集，足以证明安全性要实现。该项目为低通信交互式证明和论证开发了新技术，以提高其效率，使潜在的棘手假设多样化，并最大限度地减少必要的设置假设。研究人员探索了降低安全计算协议的通信复杂性的可能性，同时避免使用昂贵的通用工具，如全同态加密。该项目研究通信复杂性和密码学之间的新联系，通过使用最新的结果和技术的交互式压缩，以尽量减少无条件安全协议中的信息泄漏。 该项目的结果可以实现安全操作大数据的新技术。

Current cloud based systems enable distributed access to both information and computational resources. In this setting, it is imperative to have secure communication, and powerful and expensive cryptographic techniques have been proposed to address this issue. A severely limiting factor, however, is that these methods for securely accessing or processing data between participating parties can result in communication overheads when processing large amounts of data. This project focuses on the question of minimizing the communication complexity of cryptography and explores new approaches for tackling them. This work could lead to wider deployment of ideas in cryptography which will result in better security and privacy for users, as well as reduced costs and increasing security for cloud service providers.The goal of this project is to investigate computationally lightweight solutions whose security can be analyzed without resorting to unproven mathematical conjectures, and diversifying the set of conjectures that suffice for provable security to be achieved. The project develops new techniques for low communication interactive proofs and arguments in order to improve their efficiency, diversify the underlying intractability assumptions, and minimize the necessary set-up assumptions. The investigators explore the possibility of reducing the communication complexity of secure computation protocols while avoiding the use of expensive general-purpose tools such as fully homomorphic encryption. The project investigates new connections between communication complexity and cryptography by using recent results and techniques for interactive compression towards minimizing information leakage in unconditionally secure protocols. The results from this project could enable new technologies for secure manipulation of big data.