Next Generation In Situ Measurements of Stratospheric Aerosol

平流层(10-30公里)中的小颗粒会影响臭氧层，保护生命免受有害的紫外线和太阳辐射的影响，还会影响气候。这些平流层气溶胶是由火山、自然和人类活动控制的，这些活动产生含硫气体或颗粒。美国对怀俄明州拉勒米上空的颗粒物垂直分布有着最长的40年记录，这对校准模型和验证卫星具有无价的价值。人们迫切需要延续这一长期记录，使仪器现代化--使它们更好、更轻、更便宜，并保持美国在仪器和科学方面的领导地位。这项建议通过开发紧凑型现代商业传感器并指导年轻的PI接管领导和过渡操作到科罗拉多州博尔德市来实现这一点。该项目将长期气球搭载的平流层气溶胶测量扩展到30公里，以独特的40年气溶胶浓度和尺寸剖面记录为基础。该网站将从怀俄明州的拉勒米过渡到科罗拉多州的博尔德，该计划包括指导一名新的领导者(目前是联合PI)。仪器有效载荷将通过采用商用光学粒子计数器(LighTower Remote 3104无尘室粒子光谱仪)进行现代化改造，以扩展功能，减少尺寸、重量和成本，并增强可部署性。气溶胶剖面对于了解长期的平流层气溶胶-化学相互作用、卫星遥感和验证以及对流层-平流层对气候变化的耦合反应至关重要。重新调整了该项目的范围，将重点放在下一代气溶胶轮廓系统的设计和验证上，并建造了2个原型，并根据目前的仪器进行有限的飞行测试和验证。该项目还将开始将活动过渡到Boulder，CO，包括硬件和新的PI。这一过渡工作将产生具有竞争力的未来科学建议，并建立以科罗拉多州博尔德市为中心的大气化学、气候和卫星验证的气球悬浮气溶胶、痕量气体和水剖面测量的长期协同监测，并确立美国的领导地位。

Small particles in the stratosphere (10-30 km) affect the ozone layer that protects live from harmful ultraviolet solar radiation and also affect climate. These stratospheric aerosols are controlled by volcanic, natural and human activities that produce sulfur containing gases or particles. The US has the longest 40-year record of the vertical distribution of particles that has been made over Laramie, WY that has been invaluable to calibrate models and validate satellites. There is a prisoning need to continue this long-term record, modernize the instruments - making them better, lighter and cheaper and maintain US leadership in instrumentation and science. This proposal achieves this by developing a compact modern commercial sensor and mentoring a young PI to take over the leadership and transition operations to Boulder, CO.The project expands the long-term balloon borne measurements of stratospheric aerosols up to 30 km to build upon a unique 40-year record of profiles of aerosol concentration and size. The site will be transitioned from Laramie, WY to Boulder, CO and the plan includes the mentoring a new leader (currently co-PI). The instrument payload will be modernized by adapting a commercial optical particle counters (Lighthouse Remote 3104 clean room particle spectrometer) that will extend the capability and reduce size, weight and costs and enhance deployability. The aerosol profile is crucial for the understanding of long-term stratospheric aerosol-chemistry interactions, satellite retrievals and validation and troposphere-stratosphere coupling response to climate change. The project was re-scoped to focus on the design and validation of a next generation aerosol profiling system and build 2 prototypes and perform limited flight-testing and validation against current instrument. The project will also begin the transition of the activity to Boulder, CO including hardware and a new PI. The transition effort should result in competitive future science proposals and create long-term synergistic monitoring of balloon borne aerosol, trace-gas and water profile measurements for atmospheric chemistry, climate and satellite validation centered in Boulder, CO and assert US leadership.