Next Generation In Situ Measurements of Stratospheric Aerosol

平流层（10-30公里）中的小颗粒会影响保护生命免受有害紫外线太阳辐射的臭氧层，也会影响气候。这些平流层气溶胶受火山、自然和人类活动的控制，这些活动产生含硫气体或颗粒。美国拥有最长的40年粒子垂直分布记录，这些记录是在怀俄明州的拉勒米进行的，这对于校准模型和验证卫星是非常宝贵的。我们迫切需要继续保持这一长期记录，使仪器现代化——使它们更好、更轻、更便宜，并保持美国在仪器和科学方面的领导地位。该计划通过开发一种紧凑的现代商业传感器，并指导一位年轻的PI接管领导和过渡到科罗拉多州博尔德的操作，实现了这一目标。该项目将平流层气溶胶的长期气球测量扩展到30公里，以建立一个独特的40年气溶胶浓度和大小剖面记录。该网站将从怀俄明州的拉勒米转移到科罗拉多州的博尔德，该计划包括指导一位新领导人（目前是联合负责人）。仪器有效载荷将通过采用商用光学粒子计数器（Lighthouse Remote 3104无尘室粒子光谱仪）进行现代化改造，这将扩展能力，减小尺寸、重量和成本，并增强可部署性。气溶胶剖面对于理解长期平流层气溶胶-化学相互作用、卫星反演和验证以及对流层-平流层耦合对气候变化的响应至关重要。该项目被重新界定为专注于下一代气溶胶分析系统的设计和验证，并建立了2个原型，并对现有仪器进行了有限的飞行测试和验证。该项目还将开始向科罗拉多州博尔德的活动过渡，包括硬件和新的PI。过渡的努力应该产生有竞争力的未来科学建议，并建立长期的协同监测气球运载的气溶胶、微量气体和水剖面测量，用于大气化学、气候和以科罗拉多州博尔德为中心的卫星验证，并维护美国的领导地位。

Small particles in the stratosphere (10-30 km) affect the ozone layer that protects live from harmful ultraviolet solar radiation and also affect climate. These stratospheric aerosols are controlled by volcanic, natural and human activities that produce sulfur containing gases or particles. The US has the longest 40-year record of the vertical distribution of particles that has been made over Laramie, WY that has been invaluable to calibrate models and validate satellites. There is a prisoning need to continue this long-term record, modernize the instruments - making them better, lighter and cheaper and maintain US leadership in instrumentation and science. This proposal achieves this by developing a compact modern commercial sensor and mentoring a young PI to take over the leadership and transition operations to Boulder, CO.The project expands the long-term balloon borne measurements of stratospheric aerosols up to 30 km to build upon a unique 40-year record of profiles of aerosol concentration and size. The site will be transitioned from Laramie, WY to Boulder, CO and the plan includes the mentoring a new leader (currently co-PI). The instrument payload will be modernized by adapting a commercial optical particle counters (Lighthouse Remote 3104 clean room particle spectrometer) that will extend the capability and reduce size, weight and costs and enhance deployability. The aerosol profile is crucial for the understanding of long-term stratospheric aerosol-chemistry interactions, satellite retrievals and validation and troposphere-stratosphere coupling response to climate change. The project was re-scoped to focus on the design and validation of a next generation aerosol profiling system and build 2 prototypes and perform limited flight-testing and validation against current instrument. The project will also begin the transition of the activity to Boulder, CO including hardware and a new PI. The transition effort should result in competitive future science proposals and create long-term synergistic monitoring of balloon borne aerosol, trace-gas and water profile measurements for atmospheric chemistry, climate and satellite validation centered in Boulder, CO and assert US leadership.