P2C2: Collaborative Research:Spatiotemporal Variability of Northwestern North American Temperatures in Response to Climatic Forcing

P2C2：合作研究：北美西北部气温对气候强迫的时空变化

• 批准号: 1619827
• 负责人: Kevin Anchukaitis
• 金额: $ 10.52万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2015
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2015-08-24 至 2019-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1619827&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: P2C2; Collaborative; Research; Spatiotemporal; Variability

Generally, this award aims to apply a novel analytical technique to a millennial-scale tree-ring data from existing and newly-obtained sample archives to yield reconstructions of past temperature variability closely linked to dominant modes of climatic forcing, such as the Pacific Decadal Oscillation (PDO). The researchers are targeting three climatically-sensitive regions where tree-ring width (RW) records of this length are available in existing sample archives from the Gulf of Alaska in southern Alaska, Sukakpak in northern Alaska, and northwestern Canada (Yukon, British Columbia, Alberta). The resulting climate reconstructions will be compared with climate model outputs to examine spatiotemporal patterns in response to climate forcing (particularly volcanoes), identify uncertainties, and test hypotheses regarding internal and forced modes of variability.This award will generate a suite of novel, maximum latewood density (MXD) chronologies for these sites using the Blue Intensity (BI) parameter, which is substantially less costly and labor intensive yet retains the accuracy and resolution of traditional MXD techniques. There are few sub-millennial to millennial scale MXD-based chronologies currently existing for this vast region. The researchers argue that the resulting BI chronologies, based on living and subfossil wood material, will yield robust records of past climatic extremes, trends and shifts in past temperature, spatiotemporal expressions of internal Pacific variability, as well as details regarding the external climate forcing over northwestern North America for the past millennium. The research project has broad impact in four key aspects, namely:First, this project will synthesize a network of climatically-sensitive tree-ring records from across northwestern North America to yield high-resolution, strongly calibrated reconstructions on past climate variability from intra-seasonal to Decadal to Centennial time scales. These dendroclimatic reconstructions will mainly be developed using existing data that will be processed to extract new information using the new BI technique, along with the development of field temperature reconstructions. Tree-ring data will be compared to model output and other proxy records and made available to the modeling community. This research will help advance a broader understanding of the long-term variability of climate over the past millennium for one of the most rapidly changing regions of the globe.Second, scientific results from the project will be archived and provided to the scientific community through the National Geophysical Data Center (NGDC) and International Tree-Ring Data Bank (ITRDB). Third, as appropriate, the researchers will engage with native groups in Alaska. In the past, the PIs have interacted extensively with northern communities by involving native peoples in research and plan to continue to do so for this project. The potential research outcomes could have relevance to native populations and the data and interpretations will be available to relevant communities (community groups, e.g. Arctic Borderlands Ecological Knowledge Cooperative, http://www.taiga.net/coop/index.html).Fourth, the project will support undergraduate and graduate students as part of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution Research Experience for Undergraduates (REU) program and the student program at The College of Wooster. The support of undergraduate students would allow for an early experience in research.

通常，该奖项旨在将新颖的分析技术应用于现有和新的样本档案中的千禧年级树环数据，以产生与气候强迫的主要温度变化的重建，例如太平洋衰老振荡（PDO）。 研究人员针对三个对气候敏感的地区，该地区的林木宽度（RW）记录可在阿拉斯加南部阿拉斯加海湾，阿拉斯加北部的Sukakpak和加拿大西北部的现有样品档案中获得。将与气候模型的产量进行比较，以检查对气候强迫的响应时空模式（尤其是火山），确定不确定性以及有关内部和强制性变化模式的测试假设。该奖项将对这些新颖的，最大的live live（MXD）的基础（MXD）进行较少的效率（MXD）的效果（MXD）的实质性（MXD），以实质性的效果（MXD）的效果（MXD）。然而，保留了传统MXD技术的准确性和分辨率。目前在这个广阔地区的次年至千禧一代基于MXD的时间表几乎没有。 研究人员认为，基于生物和亚物质木材材料的生成的BI年代将产生过去的气候极端，趋势和过去温度的趋势，太平洋内部变异性的时空表达以及过去一千年中北美北美地区外部气候强迫外部气候的详细信息。该研究项目在四个关键方面具有广泛的影响：首先，该项目将综合北美西北部的气候敏感树环记录网络，以产生高分辨率，对从季节内到十年级到百年纪念时间尺度的过去气候变化进行高分辨率的重建。这些树状气候重建将主要使用现有数据来开发，这些数据将被处理以使用新的BI技术以及现场温度重建的开发来提取新信息。将树环数据与模型输出和其他代理记录进行比较，并提供给建模社区。这项研究将有助于对全球最快变化的地区之一的千年来对气候的长期变化有更广泛的了解。第二，该项目的科学结果将通过国家地球物理数据中心（NGDC）和国际树环数据库（ITRDB）进行归档并提供给科学界。 第三，研究人员将与阿拉斯加的土著团体互动。过去，PI与北部社区进行了广泛的互动，通过让土著人民参与研究并计划继续为该项目进行研究。 潜在的研究结果可能与本地人群有关，并且将为相关社区提供数据和解释（例如，社区群体，例如北极边境地区生态知识合作，http：//wwwwwww.taiga.net/coop/coop/index.html)。伍斯特学院的课程和学生课程。本科生的支持将允许早期研究。