Collaborative Research: The Use of Biological Markers to Reconstruct Human-Environment Interaction

合作研究:利用生物标记重建人类与环境的相互作用

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1623627
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 6.64万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2016-09-01 至 2021-05-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

The Faroe Islands represented an important "stepping stone" in the westward migration of people into Iceland, Greenland, and North America, so the timing of settlement in the Faroes has particular significance for an understanding of North Atlantic colonization. Recent archeological research has found intriguing evidence that the first settlers on the islands arrived before the 9th century Norse settlers, but little is known about their impact on the environment, and what animals they might have brought with them. The research will focus on lake sediments that provide a record of natural and human-induced environmental changes over time. The research will contribute to studies of how humans adapt to environmental changes in marginal island environments, by examining the timing and history of environmental impacts, and the development of strategies that have allowed limited natural resources to be used sustainably for more than a thousand years. The project will involve collaboration with archeologists in the Faroe Islands, to prepare related educational materials for display in their National Museum, and will provide unique opportunities for undergraduate students to participate in the research and public outreach activities.A team of scientists from the University of Massachusetts, Columbia University and William and Mary College will use new molecular techniques to reconstruct the past history of environmental changes in the Faroe Islands, a key location in the migration of people across the North Atlantic. The research will provide new information about when settlers first arrived in the Faroe Islands, the type of animals that accompanied them, their use of fire to modify the local vegetation cover, and how these events relate to past climate variations in this remote region. The researchers will extract organic molecules preserved in lake sediments to obtain records that indicate the presence of human settlers. This will include compounds that are produced in the intestines of people, pigs and grazing animals (sheep, goats and cattle), and molecules related to the burning of peat and shrubs. Other compounds will indicate changes in the composition of vegetation. The research will also focus on DNA in the sediments, to identify the presence and types of animals that may have been brought to the islands by the first settlers. The sediments will be dated using radiocarbon, and volcanic ash from Icelandic eruptions of known age.
法罗群岛代表了人们向西迁移到冰岛、格陵兰和北美的重要“垫脚石”,因此法罗群岛的定居时间对于理解北大西洋殖民地具有特别重要的意义。 最近的考古研究发现了有趣的证据,表明岛上的第一批定居者在世纪挪威定居者之前到达,但对他们对环境的影响以及他们可能带来的动物知之甚少。 这项研究将集中在湖泊沉积物上,这些沉积物记录了自然和人类引起的环境变化。 这项研究将有助于研究人类如何适应边缘岛屿环境的环境变化,通过研究环境影响的时间和历史,以及制定战略,使有限的自然资源可持续使用一千多年。 该项目将与法罗群岛的考古学家合作,编写相关的教育材料,在法罗群岛的国家博物馆展出,并将为本科生提供参与研究和公共宣传活动的独特机会。哥伦比亚大学和威廉与玛丽学院将利用新的分子技术重建法罗群岛过去的环境变化历史,是人们跨越北大西洋迁徙的关键地点。 这项研究将提供有关定居者首次抵达法罗群岛的时间,伴随他们的动物类型,他们使用火来改变当地植被覆盖,以及这些事件如何与这个偏远地区过去的气候变化有关的新信息。 研究人员将提取保存在湖泊沉积物中的有机分子,以获得表明人类定居者存在的记录。这将包括人、猪和放牧动物(绵羊、山羊和牛)肠道中产生的化合物,以及与泥炭和灌木燃烧有关的分子。 其他化合物将指示植物组成的变化。 该研究还将重点关注沉积物中的DNA,以确定第一批定居者可能带到岛上的动物的存在和类型。 将使用放射性碳和已知年龄的冰岛火山喷发的火山灰对沉积物进行年代测定。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(1)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Holocene and Last Interglacial climate of the Faroe Islands from sedimentary plant wax hydrogen and carbon isotopes
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.quascirev.2019.105930
  • 发表时间:
    2019-11-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    4
  • 作者:
    Curtin, Lorelei;D'Andrea, William J.;Bradley, Raymond
  • 通讯作者:
    Bradley, Raymond
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Raymond Bradley其他文献

The Island of Amsterdamøya: A key site for studying past climate in the Arctic Archipelago of Svalbard
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.quascirev.2017.11.005
  • 发表时间:
    2018-03-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Jostein Bakke;Nicholas Balascio;Willem G.M. van der Bilt;Raymond Bradley;William J. D' Andrea;Marthe Gjerde;Sædís Ólafsdóttir;Torgeir Røthe;Greg De Wet
  • 通讯作者:
    Greg De Wet

Raymond Bradley的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Raymond Bradley', 18)}}的其他基金

EAGER: Dating Arctic Lake Sediments with Beryllium-10 Markers of Solar Proton Events
EAGER:利用太阳质子事件的铍 10 标记测定北极湖沉积物的年代
  • 批准号:
    2404514
  • 财政年份:
    2024
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.64万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Climate and Cryosphere International Project Office of the World Climate Research Program
世界气候研究计划气候与冰冻圈国际项目办公室
  • 批准号:
    2213875
  • 财政年份:
    2022
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.64万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
NSFGEO-NERC: Collaborative Research: Environmental change and impacts on ancient human colonization of Peary Land, northernmost Greenland
NSFGEO-NERC:合作研究:环境变化及其对格陵兰岛最北端皮里地古代人类殖民的影响
  • 批准号:
    2125994
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.64万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Arctic Hydrological Regime Shift in a Warming Climate
合作研究:气候变暖下的北极水文状况变化
  • 批准号:
    1744515
  • 财政年份:
    2018
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.64万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Reconstruction of climate at the Norse Settlements of Greenland over the last two millennia using organic biomarkers in lake sediments
利用湖泊沉积物中的有机生物标志物重建格陵兰岛北欧定居点过去两千年的气候
  • 批准号:
    1602973
  • 财政年份:
    2016
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.64万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Doctoral Dissertation Research: Reconstruction of Environmental Conditions and Human Occupancy Associated with Semi-Polar Settlements
博士论文研究:与半极聚落相关的环境条件和人类居住重建
  • 批准号:
    1536383
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.64万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Nonlinearities in the Arctic climate system during the Holocene
合作研究:全新世北极气候系统的非线性
  • 批准号:
    0909354
  • 财政年份:
    2010
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.64万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Volcanism in the Arctic System (VAST): geochronology and climate impacts
合作研究:北极系统火山活动(VAST):地质年代学和气候影响
  • 批准号:
    0714014
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.64万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative research: a synthesis of the last 2000 years of climatic variability from Arctic lakes
合作研究:北极湖泊过去 2000 年气候变化的综合
  • 批准号:
    0454959
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.64万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
High-Resolution Studies of High Arctic Paleoclimate from Varved Lake Sediments
Varved 湖沉积物对北极高纬度古气候的高分辨率研究
  • 批准号:
    0402421
  • 财政年份:
    2004
  • 资助金额:
    $ 6.64万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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