FRHTP: Center for Quantum Information and Control

量子信息科学(QIS)是研究如何控制遵守量子力学定律的系统的行为，使其执行信息处理任务的交叉学科领域。设计和控制量子系统来执行有趣的信息处理任务是21世纪科学和技术面临的重大挑战之一。如果成功，它将对许多技术产生深远的影响，包括计算、通信和环境传感。量子信息与控制中心(CQuIC)是一个研究中心，总部设在新墨西哥大学，在亚利桑那大学设有一个实验节点。CQuIC的研究重点是开发用于控制量子系统的工具，并将这些工具应用于信息处理任务。在这个为期五年的奖项下，CQuIC成为理论物理的重点研究中心(FRHTP)。FRHTP的活动集中在三名博士后研究员身上，他们将首先与CQuIC的资深科学家和研究生合作，开展FRHTP项目主任产生的项目，其次为CQuIC带来新的专业知识，并将新的研究项目引入量子控制项目组合。FRHTP下的主要外展活动是CQuIC赞助和组织西南量子信息和技术网络年度研讨会。研讨会每年2月举行，有150-225名科学家参加，重点是本科生、研究生和博士后研究人员的参与。QIS是一个广泛的、多样化的领域，来自科学和工程的不同学科。要在这一领域进行有效的研究，需要来自许多不同背景的知识和专门知识，并注意学习新的理论概念和实验技术，因为它们是在该领域内发展或引入的。CQuIC的领导者用两种方式对这个不同领域的研究项目进行分类。第一个重点是要控制的量子系统的类型。这包括复杂量子系统的控制和测量，其中复杂性的产生是因为系统有许多相互作用的部分(多体系统)，具有中到大维度的希尔伯特空间(QUDITS)，或者由于与环境或附件(开放量子系统)的接触而具有复杂的动力学。第二类是根据目标对工作进行分类，例如开发用于控制和测量复杂量子系统的工具，或将其应用于特定的计算、通信或计量控制任务。在这个总体框架内，CQuIC追求几个研究方向：量子信息、控制和测量的基础研究；量子双原子和光学系统的控制；集体原子自旋的量子控制和压缩；以及模拟量子计算和模拟。通过与CQuIC内部和更大的斜视网络中的实验合作伙伴的密切合作，CQuIC在量子信息科学的基础和实践方面都取得了进展。

Quantum information science (QIS) is the interdisciplinary field that investigates how to control the behavior of systems obeying the laws of quantum mechanics to make them perform information-processing tasks. The task of engineering and controlling quantum systems to perform interesting information-processing tasks is one of the grand challenges for 21st Century science and technology. If successful, it will have far ranging implications for many technologies, including computation, communications, and environmental sensing. The Center for Quantum Information and Control (CQuIC) is a research center headquartered at the University of New Mexico, with an experimental node at the University of Arizona. Research at CQuIC focuses on the development of tools for the control of quantum systems and the application of those tools to information-processing tasks. Under this five-year award, CQuIC becomes a Focused Research Hub in Theoretical Physics (FRHTP). The activities of the FRHTP are centered on a stable of three postdoctoral research fellows who will, first, work with CQuIC's senior scientists and research students on projects generated by the FRHTP's Project Directors and, second, bring new expertise to CQuIC and introduce new research projects into the portfolio of quantum-control projects. The chief outreach activity under the FRHTP is CQuIC's sponsorship and organization of the Annual Workshop of the Southwest Quantum Information and Technology Network. Held every February, the Workshop is attended by 150-225 scientists, with an emphasis on participation by undergraduate, graduate-student, and postdoctoral researchers.QIS is a large, diverse field that draws from a variety of disciplines in the sciences and engineering. To do effective research in this field requires knowledge and expertise from many different backgrounds and attention to learning new theoretical concepts and experimental techniques as they are developed within or brought into the field. CQuIC leaders categorize research projects in this diverse field in two ways. The first focuses on the type of quantum system to be controlled. This encompasses the control and measurement of complex quantum systems, where the complexity arises because systems have many interacting parts (many-body systems), have Hilbert spaces of moderate to large dimension (qudits), or have complex dynamics by virtue of contact with environments or ancillas (open quantum systems). The second categorizes the work according to objective, such as the development of tools for the control and measurement of complex quantum systems or on their application to specific computational, communication, or metrological control tasks. Within this general framework, CQuIC pursues several research directions: foundational investigations in quantum information, control, and measurement; control of qudit atomic and optical systems; quantum control and squeezing of collective atomic spins; and analog quantum computation and simulation. Through close collaboration with experimental partners both within CQuIC, and within the larger SQuInT network, CQuIC advances both fundamental and practical aspects of quantum information science.