The Northwestern North Atlantic: a Retrospective Analysis of Observations from the CV Oleander on the Shelf and Slope

北大西洋西北部：CV Oleander 在陆架和斜坡上观测的回顾性分析

• 批准号: 1634094
• 负责人: Magdalena Andres
• 金额: $ 47.79万
• 依托单位: Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2020-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1634094&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Northwestern; North; Atlantic; Retrospective; Analysis

This study examines the long-term variability in the northwestern North Atlantic over the continental shelf and slope using long-duration observations collected by a ship of opportunity and output from a regional high-resolution numerical model. This area has been highlighted as a hotspot of sea level rise and ocean warming with the trends superimposed on strong interannual to decadal variability. This study will investigate the processes driving the low-frequency variability of shelf temperature and sea level, with a focus on the physical mechanisms underlying the recent changes. The project also includes the development of observation-based coastal temperature indexes from profiles collected by the CV Oleander, a commercial vessel that operates weekly round-trip transits between New Jersey and Bermuda, and investigation of potential predictors of interannual variability of these temperature indexes relating to sea level and atmospheric pressure. The processes to be studied have important implications for both climate and commercial fisheries. Results will be presented in both climate and continental shelf workshops. The PIs will provide the data products derived from the observations to the science community via existing Oleander Program websites. The PIs will also continue public communication and outreach efforts including visits to a local 8th grade classroom, building on a long-term outreach effort with the middle school science teacher and outreach directed to commercial fishermen through the Commercial Fisheries Research Foundation in Rhode Island, which has strong links to Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. This project will support and train a graduate student who has already published a peer-reviewed paper on this data set.The temperature sections (spanning 37 years) and velocity sections (spanning 22 years) have been collected with expendable bathythermographs (XBTs) and a shipboard acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) via the CV Oleander. This data set is unique in terms of its high resolution, extended duration over multiple decades, and co-located temperature and velocity observations. Temperature data collected by the CV Oleander can resolve the interannual to decadal signals embedded in the region's annual cycle. Further, the exceptional duration of the temperature records amassed along a constant ship route, and their combination with velocity and surface salinity measurements from the ship and complementary data sets (e.g., satellite altimetry, reanalysis winds, and tide gauge data) will allow this study to characterize the variability and to explore mechanisms driving the changes such as shifts in Gulf Stream position, changes in large scale wind forcing, and changes in along-shelf advection. The study will also capitalize on existing output from a high-resolution numerical model that captures variability in the region with fidelity. This region has been identified as having a very high rate of ocean warming relative to the global mean rate. Variability in this region links open-ocean phenomena (Gulf Stream, Deep Western Boundary Current, and Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation, AMOC) to shelf phenomena (Middle Atlantic Bight shelf circulation, shelfbreak jet dynamics, and ecosystem dynamics).

这项研究检查了西北大西洋西北大西洋上大陆架和坡度的长期变异性，并使用了一艘机会船和从区域高分辨率数值模型中收集的长期观察结果。该区域被强调为海平面上升和海洋变暖的热点，趋势叠加在强大的年际变化到衰老的变化上。这项研究将研究推动货架温度和海平面低频变异性的过程，重点是最近变化的物理机制。该项目还包括开发基于观测的沿海温度指数，该轮廓夹层收集的剖面是一种商业容器，该商业容器每周运行新泽西州和百慕大之间的往返往返，并研究了与海平面和大气压有关的这些温度指数的潜在变化的潜在预测指标。要研究的过程对气候和商业渔业都有重要意义。结果将在气候和大陆架研讨会上介绍。 PI将通过现有的夹层计划网站向科学界提供从观察结果衍生的数据产品。 PIS还将继续公众的交流和推广工作，包括访问当地的八年级教室，这是与中学科学老师的长期外展工作，并通过罗德岛州的商业渔业研究基金会针对商业渔民进行了宣传，该基金会与伍兹孔海洋学机构有着密切的联系。该项目将支持并培训一名研究生，该研究生已经发表了有关此数据集的同行评审论文。温度部分（跨度为37年）和速度部分（跨越22年）已通过可消耗性的浴表仪（XBTS）收集，并通过COPBOARD POBLOASE POPPLER PREFILER PRIFILER（ADCPEP）通过CV Oleander。该数据集在其高分辨率，数十年中的延长持续时间以及共同确定的温度和速度观察方面是独一无二的。 CV夹层收集的温度数据可以解决该地区年度周期中嵌入的年际信号至际信号。此外，温度记录的特殊持续时间沿着恒定的船舶路线积聚，以及它们与船舶和辅助数据集的速度和表面盐度测量的结合（例如，卫星高度计，重新分析风和潮汐量规数据）将使这项研究能够使这项可变化的变化和变化的变化范围变化，从而使gulf的变化构成gulf的变化。优势。该研究还将利用现有的产出，从高分辨率数值模型中捕获该地区的可变性。相对于全球平均率，该地区的海洋变暖率很高。该区域的可变性将开放态现象（墨西哥湾流，深西边界电流和大西洋子午倾覆循环，AMOC）连接到货架现象（中大西洋巨大的货架循环，固定的式射流动力学和生态系统动力学）。