EAGER: Safer Connected Communities Through Integrated Data-driven Modeling, Learning, and Optimization

EAGER：通过集成的数据驱动建模、学习和优化打造更安全的互联社区

• 批准号: 1637372
• 负责人: Viktor Prasanna
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: University of Southern California
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-08-15 至 2020-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1637372&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Safer; Connected; Communities; Through

Crime is a major problem in many urban communities. This project focuses on developing a framework for increased security and crime prevention in crime-prone environments by identifying and integrating hitherto disaggregated heterogeneous data and analyzing the causal and spatio-temporal interconnections between constituent parts of a connected community including environmental aspects (i.e., traffic, lighting, poverty levels, business proximity such as banks/ATMs), crime history, and social events. While existing crime prediction and prevention methods focus on the location of the crimes to detect ``hot-zones'', this project takes a fundamentally different, data-driven approach towards integrated multi-scale data analytics for identifying the characteristics and features of crime-prone environments. This high-risk high-payoff project research is based on real-time crime data and interactions with crime prevention and safety agencies. By revealing the connections between crime and environmental, social, and economic factors, this research aims to demonstrate the critical need of an integrated systems approach to crime prevention, instead of focusing on post-crisis management. This interdisciplinary endeavor of developing computational methods for crime prevention across public urban landscapes requires the combination of data mining and statistical methods in space and time to extract useful features and discover models from passive data sets. The proposed project will develop 1) new tools for the fundamental understanding of criminal behavior by analyzing the time varying and location-specific systems and patterns observed as a result of complex processes between interacting cyber-physical entities, and 2) scalable data-driven Nowcasting algorithms for crime prediction that will adapt with the constantly evolving state of criminal activity by continuously learning from a rich set of spatial and demographic features, including traffic, spatial attributes, socio-economic characteristics of neighborhoods, and current time, as well as context. To enable continuous forecasting over streaming data, while maintaining high prediction accuracy and low time complexity, the project will develop and train crime prediction artificial neural networks (CANN) for prediction across space and time. The output of the proposed data-driven models will feed a novel multi-objective optimization formulation that will be used for the integrated optimization of personnel positioning, patrol scheduling and safest route calculation. The resulting decision support environment, will be transferred to the USC Department of Public Safety (DPS), the Los Angeles Police Department (LAPD), and South Park Business Improvement District (SPBID) for integration with their systems to enable decision makers to choose the best course of action at any given time. This project will lead to the development of technology for crime prevention that will be directly applicable to smart and connected communities across the US, with the potential to bring together white and blue-collar residents from mixed urban communities- college campus residents, off-campus neighborhood residents and businesses with their employees, transiting commuters and law enforcement under the theme of making the communities quantifiably more secure. The project will leverage the USC Living Laboratory, a unique ?city within a city? campus and its adjacent neighborhoods as a real-world use case of a connected community of interrelated infrastructures.

犯罪是许多城市社区的一个主要问题。该项目的重点是制定一个框架，加强犯罪多发环境中的安全和预防犯罪，方法是查明和整合迄今分散的异质数据，并分析相互关联的社区各组成部分之间的因果和时空联系，包括环境方面(即交通、照明、贫困程度、银行/自动取款机等商业邻近地区)、犯罪历史和社会事件。虽然现有的犯罪预测和预防方法侧重于犯罪的地点，以发现“热点地区”，但该项目采取了一种完全不同的、以数据为导向的综合多尺度数据分析方法，以查明犯罪多发环境的特征和特征。这项高风险、高回报的项目研究是基于实时犯罪数据以及与预防犯罪和安全机构的互动。通过揭示犯罪与环境、社会和经济因素之间的联系，这项研究旨在证明预防犯罪的综合系统方法的迫切需要，而不是专注于危机后管理。这种跨学科的努力开发跨公共城市景观的犯罪预防计算方法，需要在空间和时间上结合数据挖掘和统计方法，从被动数据集中提取有用的特征并发现模型。拟议的项目将开发1)通过分析作为相互作用的网络物理实体之间复杂过程的结果而观察到的时变和特定位置的系统和模式来基本理解犯罪行为的新工具，以及2)用于犯罪预测的可扩展数据驱动的Nowcast算法，该算法将通过不断学习丰富的空间和人口特征，包括交通、空间属性、社区的社会经济特征、当前时间和背景，来适应犯罪活动的不断演变的状态。为了能够对流数据进行连续预测，同时保持高预测精度和低时间复杂性，该项目将开发和训练犯罪预测人工神经网络(CANN)，用于跨空间和时间预测。提出的数据驱动模型的输出将提供一个新的多目标优化公式，用于人员定位、巡逻调度和最安全路线计算的综合优化。由此产生的决策支持环境将被转移到南加州大学公共安全部(DPS)、洛杉矶警察局(LAPD)和南方公园商业改善区(SPBID)，以便与他们的系统集成，使决策者能够在任何给定时间选择最佳行动方案。该项目将推动犯罪预防技术的发展，该技术将直接适用于美国各地的智能互联社区，有可能将来自混合城市社区的白领和蓝领居民-大学校园居民、校外社区居民和企业及其员工、过境通勤者和执法人员-聚集在一起，主题是让社区变得更安全。该项目将利用南加州大学生活实验室，一个城市中的一个独特的城市？园区及其邻近社区作为相互关联的基础设施的互联社区的真实使用案例。

项目成果

Network-based intervention strategies to reduce violence among homeless

• DOI: 10.1007/s13278-019-0584-8
• 发表时间: 2019-07-27
• 期刊: SOCIAL NETWORK ANALYSIS AND MINING
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Srivastava, Ajitesh;Petering, Robin;Prasanna, Viktor K.
• 通讯作者: Prasanna, Viktor K.

How to Stop Violence Among Homeless: Extension of Voter Model and Intervention Strategies

如何制止无家可归者中的暴力：选民模型的扩展和干预策略

• DOI: 10.1109/asonam.2018.8508641
• 发表时间: 2018
• 期刊: 2018 IEEE/ACM International Conference on Advances in Social Networks Analysis and Mining (ASONAM
• 作者: Srivastava, Ajitesh;Petering, Robin;Kannan, Rajgopal;Rice, Eric;Prasanna, Viktor K.
• 通讯作者: Prasanna, Viktor K.

FActCheck: Keeping Activation of Fake News at Check

• 发表时间: 2018-07
• 作者: Ajitesh Srivastava;R. Kannan;C. Chelmis;V. Prasanna