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RUI: Traveling Planetary-Scale Waves during Major Stratospheric Sudden Warming

RUI：平流层突然变暖期间行进的行星尺度波

基本信息

批准号：
1642232
负责人：
Shaowu Bao
金额：
$ 35.49万
依托单位：
Coastal Carolina University
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-06-01 至 2023-05-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1642232&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
RUI Traveling Planetary Scale Waves

项目摘要

The abrupt breakdown of the wintertime polar vortex, known as sudden stratospheric warming, can significantly change near-surface weather activities. Precursory eastward traveling planetary-scale waves in the mesosphere are thought to play a triggering role in initiating such abrupt breakdown of the wintertime polar vortex, but their origin and importance are not well understood. The atmospheric response to the vortex's demise can in turn excite westward traveling planetary-scale waves and amplify atmospheric tidal disturbances. However, the impacts and mechanisms of these responses in the upper mesospheric and lower thermospheric region are still unclear. This project combines analysis from space-based (Aura Microwave Limb Sounder, or MLS and Sounding of the Atmosphere using the Broadband Emission Radiometry, or SABER) and ground-based sensors (network of high-frequency radars), reanalysis, and a global chemistry-climate model to further illuminate the roles and causes of these traveling waves and tidal disturbances with respect to sudden stratospheric warming. Understanding the impacts of these atmospheric perturbations may improve knowledge of space physics and the assessments of stratospheric ozone loss and wintertime climate evolution. Specifically, these perturbations can promote strong ionospheric variability that alters global communications and induce forcings that enhance the downwelling of ozone-destroying chemical species from the upper mesosphere. New insights on precursory mesospheric waves prior to the vortex breakdown can assist seasonal forecasting. Importantly, the research activities will offer experiential learning opportunities for undergraduates on cutting-edge research that is unique in South Carolina and the greater Southeastern Regions. While serving as frameworks for a doctoral thesis, project results will be incorporated into undergraduate and graduate courses at a state-supported Liberal Arts institution that is embarking on its first and only doctoral program in atmospheric science related degree.

冬季极地涡旋的突然破裂，即平流层突然变暖，可以显著改变近地面的天气活动。在中间层的前兆性东行行星尺度波被认为是引发冬季极涡突然崩溃的触发因素，但它们的起源和重要性还没有得到很好的理解。大气对涡旋消亡的反应反过来又会激发向西传播的行星尺度波，并放大大气潮汐扰动。然而，这些响应在中层上部和热层下部区域的影响和机制仍然不清楚。该项目结合了天基（Aura微波临边探测器，或MLS和使用宽带发射辐射测量法的大气探测，或SABER）和地基传感器（高频雷达网络）的分析，再分析和全球化学气候模型，以进一步阐明这些行波和潮汐扰动对平流层突然变暖的作用和原因。了解这些大气扰动的影响可能会增进对空间物理学的了解以及对平流层臭氧损失和冬季气候演变的评估。具体而言，这些扰动可促使电离层发生强烈的变化，从而改变全球通信，并引起强迫，促使破坏臭氧的化学物质从上层中间层向下流动。对涡旋破裂前的中间层扰动波的新认识有助于季节预报。重要的是，研究活动将为本科生提供体验式学习的机会，这在南卡罗来纳州和大东南地区是独一无二的前沿研究。虽然作为博士论文的框架，项目成果将被纳入本科和研究生课程在国家支持的文科机构，正在着手其第一个也是唯一的博士课程在大气科学相关的学位。