Formation and Characteristics of Brine-rich Water in the Dry Valleys, Antarctica

南极洲干谷富盐水的形成及特征

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    1643550
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 20.85万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2017
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2017-08-15 至 2024-07-31
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

This study aims to better understand salt accumulation in cold deserts and develop a model of salt transport by groundwater. Cold deserts, like the Antarctic McMurdo Dry Valleys (MDV), are similar to hot deserts in that they accumulate high concentrations of salts because there is not enough water to flush the salts out of the soils into the ocean. The accumulation of salt allows for the creation of brine-rich groundwater that freezes at much lower temperatures. Field work will focus on several groundwater features in the MDV including Don Juan Pond, a shallow lake that accumulates extremely high levels of salts and does not freeze until the temperature reaches -51 degrees C (-60 degrees F). The setting offers the potential to better understand this unique water environment including life at its extremes. It also serves as an analog environment for Mars, a planet that is entirely underlain by permafrost, similar to the MDV. This project will support a doctoral student at the University of Washington Department of Earth and Space Sciences, who will be trained in chemical analysis, chemical and physical modeling, and remote field work in a polar desert environment.Past research suggests that the movement of soluble ions in sediment and soil is controlled by the water activity, permeability, and the thermal regime; however, processes controlling the ionic redistribution in Antarctic environments are poorly constrained. This project aims to better understand the formation, salt redistribution, and water activity of pervasive brine-rich groundwater that is enriched in calcium chloride. A primary goal is to develop a brine thermal;reactive;transport model for the MDV region using data collected from the field to constrain model inputs and ground-truth model outputs. The model will develop a Pitzer-type thermodynamic, reactive transport model and couple it to a ground temperature model. The model will test mechanisms of groundwater formation in the MDV and the properties (e.g. composition, temperature, and water activity) of widespread shallow brine-rich waters. Water is an essential ingredient for life and defining processes that control the availability of water is critical for understanding the habitability of extreme environments, including Mars.
这项研究旨在更好地了解寒冷沙漠中的盐分积累,并建立地下水运移盐分的模型。冷沙漠,如南极麦克默多干燥山谷(MDV),与热沙漠相似,因为没有足够的水将土壤中的盐分冲入海洋,所以它们积累了高浓度的盐分。盐分的积累可以产生富含盐水的地下水,而地下水在更低的温度下会冻结。实地工作将集中在MDV的几个地下水特征上,包括Don Juan Pond,这是一个积聚极高盐分的浅水湖,在温度达到-51摄氏度(-60华氏度)之前不会结冰。这一环境提供了更好地了解这种独特的水环境的可能性,包括极端的生命。它也是火星的模拟环境,火星完全被永久冻土覆盖,类似于MDV。该项目将支持华盛顿大学地球和空间科学系的一名博士生,他将在极地沙漠环境中接受化学分析、化学和物理模拟以及远程野外工作方面的培训。过去的研究表明,可溶离子在沉积物和土壤中的移动受水活度、渗透率和热状况的控制;然而,控制南极环境中离子再分配的过程限制很少。该项目旨在更好地了解富含氯化钙的无处不在的富盐水地下水的形成、盐分再分布和水活动。一个主要目标是利用从现场收集的数据为MDV地区开发一个卤水热反应运输模型,以限制模型输入和地面真实模型输出。该模型将发展一个匹兹型热力学、反应输运模型,并将其与地面温度模型相耦合。该模型将测试MDV中地下水的形成机制,以及广泛分布的浅层富盐水水域的性质(如组成、温度和水活动)。水是生命的基本成分,确定控制水供应的过程对于理解包括火星在内的极端环境的宜居性至关重要。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(4)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Silicate weathering in antarctic ice-rich permafrost: Insights using magnesium isotopes
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.gca.2019.07.031
  • 发表时间:
    2020-06-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    5
  • 作者:
    Cuozzo, Nicolas;Sletten, Ronald S.;Hagedorn, Birgit
  • 通讯作者:
    Hagedorn, Birgit
Wet streaks in the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica: Implications for Recurring Slope Lineae on Mars
南极洲麦克默多干谷的湿条纹:对火星上反复出现的斜坡线的影响
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.epsl.2022.117582
  • 发表时间:
    2022
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    5.3
  • 作者:
    Toner, J.D.;Sletten, R.S.;Liu, L.;Catling, D.C.;Ming, D.W.;Mushkin, A.;Lin, P.-C.
  • 通讯作者:
    Lin, P.-C.
Salt deliquescence along boulder cracks in the Antarctic Dry Valleys: An overlooked source of moisture for rock weathering processes
南极干谷沿巨石裂缝的盐潮解:岩石风化过程中被忽视的水分来源
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2023
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    3.9
  • 作者:
    Ben-Asher, M.;Mushkin, A.;Lensky, N.G.;Amit, R.;Eppes, M.C.;Ming, D.W.;Shelef, E.;Sletten, R.S.
  • 通讯作者:
    Sletten, R.S.
The geochemistry of Don Juan Pond: Evidence for a deep groundwater flow system in Wright Valley, Antarctica
唐璜池的地球化学:南极洲莱特谷深层地下水流动系统的证据
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.epsl.2017.06.039
  • 发表时间:
    2017
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    5.3
  • 作者:
    Toner, J.D.;Catling, D.C.;Sletten, R.S.
  • 通讯作者:
    Sletten, R.S.
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Ronald Sletten其他文献

Ronald Sletten的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Ronald Sletten', 18)}}的其他基金

Ancient landscape-active Surfaces: Periglacial Hyperinflation in soils of Beacon Valley, Antarctica
古代景观活跃表面:南极洲灯塔谷土壤中的冰缘过度膨胀
  • 批准号:
    1341680
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.85万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Ground Ice Dynamics in Hyperarid Soils of the McMurdo Dry Valleys, Antarctica
南极洲麦克默多干谷超干旱土壤中的地冰动力学
  • 批准号:
    0636998
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.85万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Small Grant Exploratory Research: The Application of Mg Isotopes as an Indictor for Water and Brine Migration into Dry Valley Permafrost
小额赠款探索性研究:应用镁同位素作为水和盐水迁移到干谷永久冻土层的指示剂
  • 批准号:
    0648509
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.85万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: Fluctuations of the West Antarctic Ice-Sheet in Relation to Lake History in Taylor Valley, Antarctica, Since the Last Glacial Maximum
合作研究:自末次盛冰期以来,南极洲西部冰盖的波动与南极洲泰勒谷湖泊历史的关系
  • 批准号:
    0541054
  • 财政年份:
    2006
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.85万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Stability of Naturally- and Anthropogenically-Disturbed Upland Tundra Surfaces
自然和人为干扰的高地苔原表面的稳定性
  • 批准号:
    0090037
  • 财政年份:
    2000
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.85万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Assessing Risk and Dispersion Rate of Ionic Contaminants in Permafrost Terrain
评估永久冻土地区离子污染物的风险和扩散率
  • 批准号:
    9979685
  • 财政年份:
    1999
  • 资助金额:
    $ 20.85万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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