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Collaborative Research: Ultra Fine Particle Deposition onto Vegetated Surfaces Situated on Complex Topography: From Leaf to Landscape

合作研究：复杂地形上植被表面的超细颗粒沉积：从树叶到景观

基本信息

批准号：
1644375
负责人：
Marcelo Chamecki
金额：
$ 25.36万
依托单位：
University of California-Los Angeles
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-03-15 至 2020-02-29
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1644375&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research Ultra Fine Particle

项目摘要

Vegetated surfaces produce and can serve as a sink for ultrafine particles (UFP) that can affect local climate and air-quality. This work examines the interaction of the forest canopy with the UFP under realistic conditions to develop methods to predict the efficacy of forests as UFP sinks. The findings inform how vegetation effects ecosystem services, climate and air quality. It also provide and opportunity to scrub pollution from rapidly growing nano-particle products in urban areas.Forests produce particles that play an important but ill-understood role in the radiative balance and composition of the atmosphere. The proposal focuses on the quantification of Ultra-fine particles (UFP) fluxes from vegetation canopies that are controlled by complex dynamical and reactive processes using first principles. Their up scaling method resolves (1) the effects of leaf morphology (2) flows within the a canopy and on landscape scales and (3) effects of large scale topography. The project will use laboratory and field experiments over a range of scales to understand fundamental questions such as (1) How does foliage size, shape and structure impact UFP collection? (2) How does the UFP deposition velocity vary within the canopy? (3) Can we reliably upscale these UFP fluxes for complex topography? This project should enable the development of next generation canopy models to treat couplings and chemical feedbacks between ecosystems and the atmosphere.

植被覆盖的表面会产生超细颗粒（UFP），并可能成为影响当地气候和空气质量的汇。这项工作在现实条件下研究了森林冠层与UFP的相互作用，以开发预测森林作为UFP汇的功效的方法。这些发现揭示了植被如何影响生态系统服务、气候和空气质量。它也为城市地区快速增长的纳米颗粒产品的污染提供了一个机会。森林产生的颗粒在大气的辐射平衡和组成中起着重要但不为人所知的作用。该提案的重点是利用第一性原理对植被冠层中受复杂动力学和反应过程控制的超细颗粒（UFP）通量进行量化。他们的上尺度方法解决了(1)叶片形态的影响；(2)冠层内和景观尺度上的流动；(3)大尺度地形的影响。该项目将使用实验室和现场实验在一系列尺度来理解基本问题，如：(1)叶的大小，形状和结构如何影响UFP收集？(2) UFP沉积速度在冠层内的变化规律？(3)对于复杂地形，我们能否可靠地提高UFP通量？该项目应使下一代冠层模型的发展能够处理生态系统与大气之间的耦合和化学反馈。