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Dynamical and chemical evolution of Mars- and Venus-like Planets

类火星和类金星行星的动力学和化学演化

基本信息

批准号：
226518046
负责人：
Dr. Thomas Ruedas
金额：
--
依托单位：
Standort Berlin-Adlershof
依托单位国家：
德国
项目类别：
Research Grants
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
德国
起止时间：
2012-12-31 至 2015-12-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/226518046?language=en
关键词：
Dynamical chemical evolution Mars Venus

项目摘要

2D and 3D models of convection and melting in Mars, Venus, and similar one-plate planets will be combined with models of the mineralogy and the thermoelastic properties of the mantle in order to simulate the evolution of these planets since solidification of the mantle 4.4-4.5 billion years ago, and to explain certain geological structures on their surface. Issues of particular interest include the stability of their lithospheres, the various volcanic structures on Venus, and the formation of two apparently long-lived volcanic centers on Mars. Central aspects are the effect of phase transformations of mantle minerals on global convection patterns and mantle plumes dynamics and the effect of trace components (radionuclides and volatiles) and their redistribution through convection, melting, and volcanism. In view of the limited knowledge of the composition and the mantle-to-core ratio certain model parameters such as the thickness of the mantle, the ratio of magnesium and iron, and the radionuclide and water content will be varied. Furthermore, the influence of surface temperature and, in the case of Mars, the effect of lateral temperature and thickness variations in the lithosphere caused, e.g., by the crustal dichotomy as well as the role of ancient compositional heterogeneities will be explored. In this context parameter combinations will be considered that are not relevant for Mars or Venus but are of general interest e.g. with respect to exoplanets. The models will yield geophysical and geochemical observables that can be compared with real observations.

火星、金星和类似的单板块行星的对流和熔化的2D和3D模型将与地幔的矿物学和热弹性模型相结合，以模拟这些行星自44 - 45亿年前地幔凝固以来的演化，并解释其表面的某些地质结构。特别感兴趣的问题包括岩石圈的稳定性，金星上的各种火山结构，以及火星上两个明显长寿的火山中心的形成。核心方面是地幔矿物的相变对全球对流模式和地幔柱动力学的影响，以及微量成分（放射性核素和挥发物）的影响及其通过对流，熔融和火山作用的再分布。鉴于对地幔成分和幔核比的了解有限，某些模型参数，如地幔厚度、镁和铁的比例以及放射性核素和水含量将有所不同。此外，表面温度的影响，以及在火星的情况下，岩石圈横向温度和厚度变化的影响，地壳二分法以及古代成分不均匀性的作用将被探讨。在这种情况下，将考虑与火星或金星无关但具有普遍意义的参数组合，例如关于系外行星。这些模型将产生可以与真实的观测结果进行比较的地球物理和地球化学观测结果。