INSPIRE: Tradeoffs in the Thermodynamics of Computation: A New Paradigm for Biological Information-Processing

INSPIRE：计算热力学的权衡：生物信息处理的新范式

• 批准号: 1648973
• 负责人: David Wolpert
• 金额: $ 99.99万
• 依托单位: Santa Fe Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2016
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2016-09-01 至 2019-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1648973&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: INSPIRE; Tradeoffs; Thermodynamics; Computation; New

This INSPIRE project is jointly funded by the Chemistry of Life Processes Program in the Division of Chemistry in the Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences, the Physics of Living Systems and Computational Physics Programs in the Division of Physics in the Directorate for Mathematical and Physical Sciences, the Systems and Synthetic Biology Cluster in the Division of Molecular and Cellular Biosciences in the Directorate for Biological Sciences, the INSPIRE Program and the Office of International Science and Engineering in the Office of Integrative Activities. This award is funding Dr. David Wolpert from the Santa Fe Institute, Dr. Seth Lloyd from the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, and Dr. Sebastian Deffner from the University of Maryland, to exploit the powerful new tools of non-equilibrium statistical physics that analyzing the energy tradeoffs inherent in all computation. Energy (thermodynamic) costs of computational systems play a role in everything from human-engineered computers (which release heat energy equal to about 5% of the annual energy expenditure in the US) to biological systems (which must harvest enough energy from their environment to fulfill their needs to think and move). To investigate these energy costs, this project pursues three, synergistic research thrusts. The research analyzes the fundamental energy tradeoffs faced by intracellular biochemical networks. The project analyzes the energy tradeoffs that engineers face when designing new computer technologies. Finally, the research integrate the energy tradeoffs of computational processes into the theory of computation. This project allows graduate students and postdoctoral fellows to acquire the skills needed for expanding what is known about the energy requirements of computation. In addition, the workshops held under the auspices of this project are building intellectual bridges connecting the multiple scientific disciplines that involve computational systems. Such brides are crucial to the development of a broadly applicable theory of thermodynamics of computation. This research project is undertaken to quantitatively analyze the tradeoffs relating the minimal free energy requirements and dissipation of a computer on the one hand, to several high-level properties of that computer on the other. This analysis considers the speed of the computer; the number of hidden internal states the computer can use as buffers; the variability of the inputs to the computer and the degree and type of noise in the computer. In addition to theoretical aspects of these issues and their consequences for computation theory, this research into the thermodynamics of computation is conducted in several domains that include: chromatin computers, the computation performed during RNA folding, the computation performed by biochemical networks and post-Moore computers that exploit "hybrid computation" involving both quantum and classical components. It is expected that, in addition to providing major insight into the role of the thermodynamics of computation in all those domains, this project may lay the foundation for an overarching theory of thermodynamics of computation in general.

该INSPIRE项目由数学和物理科学理事会化学部的生命过程化学项目、数学和物理科学理事会物理部的生命系统物理和计算物理项目、生物科学理事会分子和细胞生物科学部的系统和合成生物学集群、INSPIRE计划和综合活动办公室的国际科学与工程办公室。该奖项资助圣达菲研究所的大卫沃伯特博士、马萨诸塞州理工学院的塞思劳埃德博士和马里兰州大学的塞巴斯蒂安德夫纳博士，以利用非平衡统计物理学的强大新工具，分析所有计算中固有的能量权衡。计算系统的能量（热力学）成本在从人类工程计算机（其释放的热能相当于美国每年能源消耗的5%左右）到生物系统（必须从环境中获取足够的能量以满足其思考和移动的需求）的所有方面都发挥着作用。为了调查这些能源成本，本项目追求三个协同研究目标。 该研究分析了细胞内生化网络所面临的基本能量权衡。 该项目分析了工程师在设计新的计算机技术时所面临的能源权衡。 最后，本研究将计算过程的能量权衡整合到计算理论中。该项目允许研究生和博士后研究员获得扩展计算能量需求所需的技能。此外，在该项目主持下举办的讲习班正在建立连接涉及计算系统的多个科学学科的智力桥梁。 这样的新娘是至关重要的发展广泛适用的计算热力学理论。这个研究项目是进行定量分析的权衡关系的最小自由能的要求和耗散的计算机一方面，该计算机的几个高层次的属性。 这种分析考虑了计算机的速度;计算机可以用作缓冲器的隐藏内部状态的数量;计算机输入的可变性以及计算机中噪声的程度和类型。除了这些问题的理论方面和它们对计算理论的影响之外，这项对计算热力学的研究还在几个领域进行，包括：染色质计算机，RNA折叠过程中进行的计算，生物化学网络和后摩尔计算机进行的计算，这些计算机利用涉及量子和经典组件的“混合计算”。预计，除了提供主要的洞察力在所有这些领域的计算热力学的作用，这个项目可能奠定基础的总体理论计算热力学。

项目成果

Thermodynamics of computing with circuits

电路计算的热力学

• DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/ab82b8
• 发表时间: 2020
• 期刊: New Journal of Physics
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: Wolpert, David H.;Kolchinsky, Artemy
• 通讯作者: Kolchinsky, Artemy

Dependence of dissipation on the initial distribution over states

• DOI: 10.1088/1742-5468/aa7ee1
• 发表时间: 2017-08-01
• 期刊: JOURNAL OF STATISTICAL MECHANICS-THEORY AND EXPERIMENT
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Kolchinsky, Artemy;Wolpert, David H.
• 通讯作者: Wolpert, David H.

Trade-Off Between Speed and Cost in Shortcuts to Adiabaticity

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevlett.118.100601
• 发表时间: 2017-03-08
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW LETTERS
• 影响因子: 8.6
• 作者: Campbell, Steve;Deffner, Sebastian
• 通讯作者: Deffner, Sebastian

Bosons outperform fermions: The thermodynamic advantage of symmetry

• DOI: 10.1103/physreve.101.012110
• 发表时间: 2020-01-08
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW E
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Myers, Nathan M.;Deffner, Sebastian
• 通讯作者: Deffner, Sebastian

Diagonal quantum discord

• DOI: 10.1088/1751-8121/ab0774
• 发表时间: 2017-08
• 期刊: Journal of Physics A: Mathematical and Theoretical
• 作者: Zi-Wen Liu;Ryuji Takagi;S. Lloyd