CRII: CHS: Transition Resilience: Navigating Invisible Crises with ICTs

本研究的重点是退伍军人如何使用信息通信技术（ict），如社交和移动媒体，来管理转型中的无形危机——那些挑战我们解决问题的常规手段的意外或不寻常的混乱。这些技术可以提高人们对中断的复原力，但目前缺乏关于信息通信技术如何增强复原力的深入和系统的知识，本研究旨在弥补这一空白。对转型如何发生和信息通信技术如何使用的更有经验的理解，可以为改进技术设计、推进转型培训和教育以及影响政策提供基础。拟议工作的更广泛影响包括：(1)制定支持培训、教育和政策的指导方针，以支持退伍军人过渡到非战争生活，这也可以应用于其他正在过渡的群体；(2)促进开发新的信息通信技术工具，帮助人们发现、理解和应对一系列看不见的危机。美国退伍军人的案例将为理解信息通信技术带来的复原力提供有价值的见解，因为他们的过渡是长期的，他们的经历往往同时涉及几个危机，而帮助他们在退役后恢复正常的制度支持往往很差。以下问题将指导调查：信息通信技术如何帮助人们管理和适应新形势？人们如何决定使用哪些信息通信技术资源？人们如何通过不同的信息通信技术获得社会和信息支持？在线支持空间是如何维持的？可以确定新的信息通信技术的哪些要求和设计，以支持转型弹性？为了寻找答案，这项研究结合了几个时期的密集数据收集，这些数据收集依赖于半结构化访谈和对在线数据的观察，比如通过社交媒体传播的数据。参与式设计和日记研究工作将为新信息通信技术的初步开发和评估提供信息，使退伍军人能够发现、理解和应对无形的危机。

This research focuses on how veterans returning home from war use information and communication technologies (ICTs), such as social and mobile media, to manage invisible crises in transition - those unexpected or unusual dislocations that challenge our ordinary means for solving problems. These technologies can improve peoples' resilience to disruptions, but at present there is a lack of deep and systematic knowledge about how ICTs enable resiliency, and this research aims to address this gap. A more empirically situated understanding of how transitions happen and how ICTs are used can provide the basis for improving the designs of technologies, advancing training and education for transition, and influencing policy. The broader impacts of the proposed work include: (1) Developing guidelines in support of training, education and policies to support veterans' transitions to their non-war life, which can also be applied to other groups undergoing transitions; and (2) Contributing to the development of new ICT-enabled tools to help people detect, make sense of and navigate an array of invisible crises. The case of US veterans will yield valuable insights in understanding ICT-enabled resilience, as their transition is long-term, their experience often involves several crises at once, and institutional support to help them regain normalcy post-service is often poor. The following questions will guide the inquiry: How can ICTs help people manage and adapt to their new situations? How do people decide which ICT resources to use? How do people transact support, both social and informational, through different ICTs? How are online support spaces sustained? What requirements and designs for new ICTs could be identified to support transition resilience? In pursuit of answers, the research combines several periods of intense data collection that rely on semi-structured interviews and observations of online data, such as what is communicated through social media. A participatory design and diary study effort will inform the initial development and evaluation of a new ICT that empowers veterans via the ability to detect, make sense of and navigate invisible crises.