Scalable Manufacturing of Hierarchical Silicon/Carbon Nanocomposite Anodes for Next Generation Batteries

用于下一代电池的分层硅/碳纳米复合阳极的可扩展制造

基本信息

批准号：
1660572
负责人：
Leon Shaw
金额：
$ 30.96万
依托单位：
Illinois Institute of Technology
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-09-01 至 2021-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1660572&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Scalable Manufacturing Hierarchical Silicon Carbon

项目摘要

Silicon has played a critical role in the modern world economy, particularly through its prominent role in the semiconductor industry. Silicon also has the potential to revolutionize the energy storage industry because it is one of the most promising anode materials for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. However, well-designed silicon anodes often require elaborated synthesis methods requiring the use of toxic chemicals, making it difficult to embrace these methods for widespread applications of silicon anodes. This award will address this deficiency by investigating a novel, simple and scalable nanomanufacturing method to produce silicon anodes with well-designed hierarchical structures at low cost and with no involvement of toxic chemicals. The research work leads to a nanomanufacturing method that is scalable at industry level and that can fabricate silicon/carbon nanocomposites with well-designed internal structures and unprecedented performance for next-generation lithium-ion batteries. The availability of new anode materials paves the way to enable broad market penetration of electric vehicles, extend cell phone working hours to multiple days before recharging, broaden the application areas of batteries including military usage, and make the technology greener and more energy efficient. The project offers undergraduate students opportunities to participate in research through a semester long Inter-professional Project. Presentations on "Roles of Chemistry in Lithium-ion Batteries" with hands-on demonstrations are planned in the science classes of high schools with high percentage of under-represented minority students. These activities are designed to inspire high school stucents to pursue careers in science, engineering and technology.This project is the first to investigate a simple and scalable nanomanufacturing method that can fabricate Si anodes with a well-designed hierarchical structure that combines features of nanoscale Si building-blocks, conductive coatings and engineered void space plus in-situ formation of graphene. This well-engineered hierarchical structure offers Si anodes with large specific-capacity, high specific power and long cycle life as well as high areal capacity. This nanomanufacturing method starts with commercially available micron-sized Si and graphite particles, which are subjected to high-energy ball milling during which graphene is produced in situ. The entire nanomanufacturing process and powder handling is carried out in ambient environment except during the high-energy ball milling and carbon coating processes, making this nanomanufacturing method easily scalable at industrial levels. The project leads to a nanomanufacturing method to fabricate hierarchical silicon/carbon nanocomposite anodes with unprecedented properties and performance at low cost and without the use of toxic chemicals.

硅在现代世界经济中发挥了关键作用，尤其是通过其在半导体行业中的重要作用。硅还具有彻底改变储能行业的潜力，因为它是下一代锂离子电池最有希望的阳极材料之一。但是，设计良好的硅阳极通常需要使用有毒化学物质的详细合成方法，这使得很难接受这些方法以广泛应用硅阳极。该奖项将通过调查一种新颖，简单且可扩展的纳米制造方法来解决这种缺陷，以低成本生产具有精心设计的层次结构的硅阳极，而无需涉及有毒化学物质。研究工作导致了一种在行业层面可扩展的纳米制造方法，可以制造具有精心设计的内部结构和前所未有的下一代锂离子电池的硅/碳纳米复合材料。新阳极材料的可用性为使电动汽车的广泛市场渗透，将手机的工作时间扩展到多天，在充电之前扩大，扩大电池的应用领域，包括军用使用在内，并使技术更加绿色，更节能。该项目为本科生提供了通过一个学期长期专业项目参加研究的机会。在高中的科学课程中，计划了有关具有动手示威的“锂离子电池中化学作用”的演讲，该课程的代表性较高。这些活动旨在激发高中怪人从事科学，工程和技术的职业。该项目是第一个调查一种简单可扩展的纳米制造方法，该方法可以与纳米级SI建筑块纳米级SI建筑区域的特征相结合，以制造Si Anodes，该方法结合了设计良好的层次结构，导电涂层，电导涂层，工程void void void void void Space in Inflophere sprounde sproune inflophere sprounde sprounde sproune inseene semene senemene senemene。这种精心设计的层次结构提供了具有较大特异性，高特异性和长周期寿命以及高面积容量的SI阳极。这种纳米制造方法始于市售的微米大小的SI和石墨颗粒，这些颗粒受到高能球铣削，在此期间生产石墨烯。整个纳米制造过程和粉末处理是在环境环境中进行的，除了在高能球铣削和碳涂料过程中，这使得这种纳米制造方法在工业水平上易于扩展。该项目导致了一种纳米制造方法，用于制造具有前所未有的特性和性能的层次硅/碳纳米复合阳极，不使用有毒化学物质。