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Additive Manufacturing of Controlled Anisotropic Materials via Electrically Assisted Nanocomposite Fabrication

通过电辅助纳米复合材料制造受控各向异性材料的增材制造

基本信息

批准号：
1663663
负责人：
Yong Chen
金额：
$ 31.58万
依托单位：
University of Southern California
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-04-01 至 2021-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1663663&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Additive Manufacturing Controlled Anisotropic Materials

项目摘要

Additive manufacturing (AM) has emerged as a promising rapid manufacturing approach for a wide variety of industries. Current AM processes can fabricate a model with good control on its shape but not on its material properties. Most AM processes only enable the fabrication of structures with isotropic material properties (they are the same in all directions). This award supports fundamental research on a novel additive manufacturing process that can accurately create anisotropic material properties (properties that vary with direction). This is accomplished in a three-dimensional (3D) structure by dynamically controlling electric fields while fabricating each layer, which has the result of orienting the short fiber reinforcement (in the form of carbon nanotubes or metal flakes) in the polymer. The shape is achieved by changing the projection image for each layer. Hence, varying material properties can be achieved in the fabricated structure even when using a single type of nanocomposite. The research results will significantly expand the capability of AM processes to fabricate anisotropic materials with enhanced structural, thermal, and electric properties. Such capability will enable novel design and fabrication of impact resistant nanocomposites, thermo-metamaterials, and wearable sensors. The new manufacturing process will provide US companies with a competitive edge and can lead to innovations in aerospace, consumer electronics, defense, and medical industries. The research outcomes will be integrated into undergraduate/graduate course development, as well as outreach programs to increase minority participation.The research objective is to establish an electrically assisted mask-image-projection-based stereolithography (eMIP-SL) process that can build three-dimensional shapes using nanocomposites with controlled carbon nanotube (CNT) alignment for enhanced functional characteristics. Tasks on electrode design, nanocomposite preparation, CNT alignment control, and integration with projection-based stereolithography will be performed. The fundamental characteristic of the anisotropic mechanical/electrical/thermal properties of architectures with aligned carbon nanotubes will be studied including measuring the anisotropic mechanical properties, the electrical and thermal conductivities, and microstructure observation with optical/scanning electron microscopy. The fundamental mechanism for the anisotropic mechanical/electrical/thermal properties in the fabricated architectures will be studied as a function of the process parameters and resulting nano/microstructures. The research result will develop scientific and engineering knowledge on the eMIP-SL process for fabricating anisotropic multi-functional 3D structures using controlled properties of nanocomposites.

增材制造（AM）已成为各种行业的一种有前途的快速制造方法。目前的AM工艺可以制造一个模型，它的形状，但不是对它的材料属性具有良好的控制。大多数AM工艺只能制造具有各向同性材料特性的结构（它们在所有方向上都是相同的）。该奖项支持一种新型增材制造工艺的基础研究，该工艺可以准确地创建各向异性材料特性（随方向变化的特性）。这在三维（3D）结构中通过在制造每一层时动态控制电场来实现，其结果是使聚合物中的短纤维增强物（以碳纳米管或金属薄片的形式）定向。通过改变每层的投影图像来实现形状。因此，即使使用单一类型的纳米复合材料，也可以在制造的结构中实现不同的材料特性。研究结果将显着扩大AM工艺的能力，以制造具有增强的结构，热和电性能的各向异性材料。这种能力将使抗冲击纳米复合材料，热超材料和可穿戴传感器的新设计和制造成为可能。新的制造工艺将为美国公司提供竞争优势，并可能导致航空航天、消费电子、国防和医疗行业的创新。研究成果将被整合到本科/研究生课程的开发，以及推广计划，以提高少数民族的参与。研究目标是建立一个电辅助掩模图像投影为基础的立体光刻（eMIP-SL）过程中，可以建立三维形状使用纳米复合材料与控制碳纳米管（CNT）的对齐增强功能特性。将进行电极设计、纳米复合材料制备、CNT对准控制以及与基于投影的立体光刻集成的任务。本研究将探讨碳奈米管阵列结构之各向异性机械/电/热特性之基本特性，包括测量其各向异性机械特性、导电率与导热率，以及利用光学/扫描电子显微镜观察其微结构。在制造的架构中的各向异性的机械/电气/热性能的基本机制将作为一个函数的工艺参数和所得的纳米/微观结构进行研究。研究结果将开发eMIP-SL工艺的科学和工程知识，用于使用纳米复合材料的受控性能制造各向异性多功能3D结构。