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Electric and magnetic deflection of fully field-oriented molecules within superfluid nanodroplets: A probe of simple and complex cold polar molecules

超流体纳米液滴内完全场定向分子的电和磁偏转：简单和复杂冷极性分子的探针

基本信息

批准号：
1664601
负责人：
Vitaly Kresin
金额：
$ 45.12万
依托单位：
University of Southern California
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2017-08-15 至 2023-07-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1664601&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Electric magnetic deflection fully field

项目摘要

In this project, funded by the Chemical Structure, Dynamics, and Mechanisms-A (CSDM-A) Program of the Division of Chemistry, Professor Vitaly Kresin's group from the University of Southern California is using a jet of extremely cold nanoscale droplets of superfluid helium as a tool to probe the electric magnetic properties of individual molecules. A "superfluid" is a fluid that can flow without the internal friction or viscosity of liquids. The cold temperature (a fraction of a degree above absolute zero, which is -273.15 degrees Celsius) and viscosity free condition of superfluid helium makes it possible to use electric or magnetic fields outside the droplet to control the orientation of molecules inside the helium droplet. This in turn makes it possible to measure fundamental properties of these molecules (for example the electric and magnetic "poles" of the molecules). It also makes it possible to understand how molecules aggregate into clusters. The research group is considering the study of a variety of important molecules and their agglomerates, including biological species and "molecular magnets." The broader scientific impacts of the project stem from the fact that electric and magnetic characteristics of biological, molecular-magnet systems are relevant to fields ranging from protein synthesis to quantum computing. Graduate and undergraduate students and postdoctoral researchers are mentored in a highly interdisciplinary area of research and are involved in outreach programs and in science fairs. Undergraduate students gain experience in giving scientific presentations, as they present their work at USC's annual Undergraduate Symposium for Scholarly and Creative Work. Professor Kresin is also involved in the national Society of Physics Students' "Adopt-a-Physicist" program which connects high school classes with professional scientists for conversations and questions about careers, science, school, work, and life balance.Helium nanodroplets are produced by the supersonic expansion of cold helium gas. These droplets pick up guest molecules by passing through pick-up cells and then traverse a strong inhomogeneous electric or magnetic field which both orients the polar impurity and exerts an intense deflecting force. This force is measured by mapping out the beam profile - in this way yielding an experimental readout of the magnitude of the dipole moment of a single ultracold molecule or molecular complex. This technique is applied to amino acids and small peptides, to hydrated acid complexes, to molecular magnets, and to molecular assemblies whose reaction pathways can be custom pre-aligned by the external field. The study and control of cold polar molecule interactions, assemblies, and reactions is attracting considerable interdisciplinary interest in view of their relevance to quantum computing, novel condensate phases, molecular interferometry, and investigations of fundamental symmetries.

在这个项目中，由化学系的化学结构，动力学和机制-A（CSDM-A）计划资助，来自南加州大学的Vitaly Kresin教授的小组正在使用超流氦的极冷纳米级液滴作为工具来探测单个分子的电磁特性。“超流体”是一种可以在没有液体内部摩擦或粘性的情况下流动的流体。超流氦的低温（绝对零度以上几度，即-273.15摄氏度）和无粘性条件使得可以使用液滴外部的电场或磁场来控制氦液滴内部分子的取向。这反过来又使得测量这些分子的基本性质（例如分子的电和磁“极”）成为可能。它也使人们有可能了解分子如何聚集成簇。该研究小组正在考虑研究各种重要分子及其聚集体，包括生物物种和“分子磁体”。“该项目更广泛的科学影响源于这样一个事实，即生物分子磁体系统的电磁特性与从蛋白质合成到量子计算等领域有关。研究生和本科生以及博士后研究人员在高度跨学科的研究领域接受指导，并参与推广计划和科学博览会。本科生在南加州大学的年度学术和创造性工作本科生研讨会上展示他们的工作时，可以获得科学演讲的经验。 Kresin教授还参与了国家物理学生协会的“物理学家”项目，该项目将高中班级与专业科学家联系起来，就职业、科学、学校、工作和生活平衡进行对话和提问。氦纳米滴是由冷氦气的超音速膨胀产生的。这些液滴通过穿过拾取单元来拾取客体分子，然后穿过强烈的不均匀电场或磁场，该电场或磁场既定向极性杂质又施加强烈的偏转力。这种力是通过绘制光束轮廓来测量的-以这种方式产生单个超冷分子或分子复合物的偶极矩大小的实验读数。这种技术适用于氨基酸和小肽，水合酸复合物，分子磁体，以及分子组装体，其反应途径可以通过外部场进行定制预对准。冷极性分子相互作用、组装和反应的研究和控制正吸引着相当多的跨学科兴趣，因为它们与量子计算、新型凝聚相、分子干涉和基本对称性的研究有关。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（9）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Direct detection of polar structure formation in helium nanodroplets by beam deflection measurements

通过光束偏转测量直接检测氦纳米液滴中极性结构的形成

DOI：
10.1039/c9cp04322e
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Physical Chemistry Chemical Physics
影响因子：
3.3
作者：
Niman, John W.;Kamerin, Benjamin S.;Kranabetter, Lorenz;Merthe, Daniel J.;Suchan, Jiří;Slavíček, Petr;Kresin, Vitaly V.
通讯作者：
Kresin, Vitaly V.

Electric deflection of imidazole dimers and trimers in helium nanodroplets: Dipole moments, structure, and fragmentation

氦纳米液滴中咪唑二聚体和三聚体的电偏转：偶极矩、结构和碎片

DOI：
10.1063/5.0020844
发表时间：
2020
期刊：
The Journal of Chemical Physics
影响因子：
0
作者：
Kamerin, Benjamin S.;Niman, John W.;Kresin, Vitaly V.
通讯作者：
Kresin, Vitaly V.

Oriented Polar Molecules Trapped in Cold Helium Nanodropets: Electrostatic Deflection, Size Separation, and Charge Migration

冷氦纳米液滴中捕获的定向极性分子：静电偏转、尺寸分离和电荷迁移

DOI：
10.1103/physrevlett.123.043203
发表时间：
2019
期刊：
Physical Review Letters
影响因子：
8.6
作者：
Niman, John W.;Kamerin, Benjamin S.;Merthe, Daniel J.;Kranabetter, Lorenz;Kresin, Vitaly V.
通讯作者：
Kresin, Vitaly V.

Strong permanent magnet gradient deflector for Stern–Gerlach-type experiments on molecular beams

用于斯特恩格拉赫分子束实验的强永磁梯度偏转器