Collaborative Research: P2C2--Reconstructing South American Monsoon Sensitivity to Internal and External Forcing: Reconciling Models and Tree-ring Proxies in the Central Andes

合作研究：P2C2——重建南美季风对内部和外部强迫的敏感性：协调安第斯山脉中部的模型和树木年轮代理

• 批准号: 1702439
• 负责人: Mathias Vuille
• 金额: $ 23.14万
• 依托单位: SUNY at Albany
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2018
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2018-03-01 至 2022-02-28
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1702439&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; P2C2; Reconstructing; South

The potential Broader Impacts include the potential for better understanding the South American monsoon, for filling in sparse hydroclimate records, and for fuller understanding climate variability. Collaboration with South American colleagues is planned as is extensive student involvement.This project aims to employ classical dendrochronological techniques to generate new tropical tree-ring chronologies that are annually resolved and absolutely dated. Radiocarbon measurements (14-Carbon) will ensure accurate dating assessments. Thus, successful tree species will be selected to improve the 14-Carbon curve for the Southern Hemisphere. The resulting tree-ring series will be used to reconstruct past climate variability and regional to large--scale atmospheric dynamics for the last several centuries. The specific aims of the project are to improve understanding of: (1) the spatiotemporal variability of the South American summer monsoon (SASM); (2) long-term interactions between El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and the SASM; and (3) the impact of volcanic forcing on past hydroclimate of the tropical Andes.The research aims to provide significant advances in the science of tropical dendrochronology bydeveloping a tree-ring network for the tropical Andes in Peru and Bolivia, a region with exceedingly scarce coverage of high-resolution terrestrial paleo-records. While tree rings have been extensively used in temperate climates, the tropics remain relatively unexplored due to the difficulty, in particular, of identifying consistent wood layers (tree rings) corresponding to seasonal or annual growing periods. The Central Andes are an ideal region for overcoming these difficulties, due to the pronounced precipitation seasonality and diverse forests.The tropical Andes are a hotspot for biodiversity and its geographic position makes it extremely vulnerable to climate change. It also contains nearly all the tropical glaciers on the globe, and recent, widespread glacial retreat is causing a rapid decline in hydrological reserves. This decline, in combination with increasing water demand due to population growth and economic expansion poses an enormous challenge for water availability, biodiversity and food security. The complex topography of the Andean Cordillera leads to a climate that is characterized by strong zonal and vertical precipitation gradients. Moisture influx from the tropical Atlantic Ocean and the Amazon basin is modulated by the SASM and ENSO. The scientific understanding of this variability is challenged by the scarcity of long instrumental observations, which also limits the ability to constrain uncertainties in future climate change projections over this region.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

潜在的更广泛影响包括更好地了解南美洲季风、填补稀疏的水文气候记录以及更全面地了解气候变异性的潜力。该项目计划与南美同事合作，并有广泛的学生参与。该项目的目的是采用经典的树木年代学技术，以产生新的热带树木年轮年表，每年解决和绝对日期。放射性碳测量（14碳）将确保准确的测年评估。因此，将选择成功的树种来改善南半球的14碳曲线。由此产生的树木年轮系列将用于重建过去几个世纪的气候变化和区域大尺度大气动力学。该项目的具体目标是增进对下列问题的了解：（1）南美洲夏季风的时空变化;（2）厄尔尼诺-南方涛动与南美洲夏季风之间的长期相互作用;（3）火山强迫对热带安第斯山脉过去水文气候的影响。这项研究旨在通过开发一种树木-环网络的热带安第斯山脉在秘鲁和玻利维亚，一个地区与非常稀缺的覆盖面高分辨率的陆地古记录。虽然树木年轮已被广泛用于温带气候，但热带地区仍然相对未被探索，特别是由于难以确定与季节或年度生长期相对应的一致的木材层（树木年轮）。中部安第斯山脉是克服这些困难的理想地区，因为它具有明显的降水季节性和多样的森林，热带安第斯山脉是生物多样性的热点，其地理位置使其极易受到气候变化的影响。它还包含了地球仪上几乎所有的热带冰川，最近，广泛的冰川退缩正在导致水文储备迅速下降。 这种下降，加上人口增长和经济扩张造成的水需求增加，对水的供应、生物多样性和粮食安全构成了巨大挑战。安第斯山脉复杂的地形导致了以强烈的纬向和垂直降水梯度为特征的气候。热带大西洋和亚马逊流域的水汽输入受SASM和ENSO的调制。长期仪器观测的稀缺性对这种变异性的科学理解提出了挑战，这也限制了限制该地区未来气候变化预测的不确定性的能力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定使命，并被认为值得通过使用基金会的知识价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。

项目成果

The joint impacts of Atlantic and Pacific multidecadal variability on South American precipitation and temperature

• DOI: 10.1175/jcli-d-21-0081.1
• 发表时间: 2021-07
• 期刊: Journal of Climate
• 影响因子: 4.9
• 作者: Zhaoxiangrui He;A. Dai;M. Vuille

Extreme austral winter precipitation events over the South-American Altiplano: regional atmospheric features

南美高原上空的极端南方冬季降水事件：区域大气特征

• DOI: 10.1007/s00382-022-06240-1
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Climate Dynamics
• 影响因子: 4.6
• 作者: Segura, Hans;Espinoza, Jhan Carlo;Junquas, Clementine;Lebel, Thierry;Vuille, Mathias;Condom, Thomas
• 通讯作者: Condom, Thomas

Hydroclimatic variability in Santiago (Chile) since the 16th century

• DOI: 10.1002/joc.6828
• 发表时间: 2020-09
• 期刊: International Journal of Climatology
• 作者: R. Serrano‐Notivoli;E. Tejedor;P. Sarricolea;O. Meseguer‐Ruiz;M. Vuille;Magdalena Fuentealba;M. Luis

Empirical–Statistical Downscaling of Austral Summer Precipitation over South America, with a Focus on the Central Peruvian Andes and the Equatorial Amazon Basin

• DOI: 10.1175/jamc-d-20-0066.1
• 发表时间: 2021-01
• 期刊: Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Juan C. Sulca;M. Vuille;O. Timm;B. Dong;Ricardo Zubieta

Global Temperature Responses to Large Tropical Volcanic Eruptions in Paleo Data Assimilation Products and Climate Model Simulations Over the Last Millennium

• DOI: 10.1029/2020pa004128
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: Paleoceanography and Paleoclimatology
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: E. Tejedor;N. Steiger;J. Smerdon;R. Serrano‐Notivoli;M. Vuille